Table 1.
Basic characteristics
| Class 1 | Class 2 | Class 3 | Class 4 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 24 | 8 | 28 | 16 | |
| Age, years | 66.6±16.0 | 70.4±26.3 | 73.1±12.8 | 73.8±12.7 | 0.41 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 15 (62.5) | 5 (62.5) | 21 (75.0) | 11 (68.8) | 0.78 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.5±4.9 | 20.6±3,6 | 22.1±4.9 | 23.1±3.8 | 0.67 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1 (0, 2) | 2.5 (0.25, 3) | 1 (1, 2) | 2 (1, 2) | 0.063 |
| SOFA on admission | 6.5 (4, 9.5) | 7.5 (4.5, 10) | 6 (4, 8) | 7 (5.25, 9.5) | 0.81 |
| APACHE II on admission | 16 (12, 22.75) | 14.5 (12.25, 23) | 15.5 (9.5, 18.75) | 15 (13, 17) | 0.84 |
| Main diagnosis, n (%) | 0.40 | ||||
| Cardiopulmonary arrest | 2 (8.3) | 1 (12.5) | 4 (14.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Heart failure | 4 (16.7) | 1 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Endocrine and metabolic disorders | 1 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.3) | |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Post-surgery | 2 (8.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Respiratory failure | 2 (8.3) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (12.5) | |
| Infection | 5 (20.8) | 3 (37.5) | 13 (46.4) | 11 (68.8) | |
| Stroke | 3 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Trauma | 4 (16.7) | 1 (12.5) | 5 (17.9) | 0 (0) | |
| Sepsis complication, n (%) | 10 (41.7) | 3 (37.5) | 18 (64.3) | 6 (37.5) | 0.22 |
| Adjunctive treatments | |||||
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 21 (87.5) | 5 (62.5) | 22 (78.6) | 9 (56.3) | 0.12 |
| Steroid dose, mg | 0 (0, 575) | 0 (0, 0) | 175 (0, 837.5) | 0 (0, 512.5) | 0.24 |
| Neuromuscular blocking agent, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.45 |
| IGREEN care, n (%) | 14 (58.3) | 3 (37.5) | 16 (57.1) | 13 (81.3) | 0.16 |
| Laboratory data on day 1 | |||||
| White blood cell count, /μL | 119.5 (97.25, 162.25) | 78.5 (54.5, 139.25) | 99 (64.5, 138.25) | 97 (86, 134) | 0.19 |
| Lymphocyte count, /μL | 840 (518.5, 989.25) | 691.5 (342.75, 1,135) | 717 (499.75, 1,757.5) | 860 (588, 1,072) | 0.90 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.2 (2.9, 3.4) | 2.6 (2.3, 3.2) | 3.05 (2.55, 3.475) | 2.8 (2.6, 3) | 0.15 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.89 (0.67, 1.18) | 0.85 (0.56, 1.10) | 1.01 (0.77, 1.43) | 1.05 (0.99, 1.44) | 0.25 |
| eGFR, mL/min | 62.3 (44.7, 80.5) | 73.1 (46.3, 80.5) | 56.6 (36.6, 74.5) | 44.3 (38.3, 58.7) | 0.21 |
| CRP, mg/dL | 3.5 (0.97, 5.99) | 3.08 (1.355, 13.1875) | 7.775 (2.5475, 12.175) | 5.89 (4.08, 14.75) | 0.11 |
SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; APACHE, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; IGREEN, Intensive Goal-directed REhabilitation with Electrical muscle stimulation and Nutrition; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CRP, C-reactive protein.