Table 2.
Absolute and relative change in volume of drinks (mL) and confectionery (g) purchased per household per week in relation to the UK soft drinks industry levy, March 2014 to March 2019 (weighted)
| Analysis 1: preannouncement and postannouncement (March 2014–March 2018) | Analysis 2: pre-implementation and post implementation (March 2016–March 2019) | Analysis 3: preannouncement, postannouncement and pre-implementation, post implementation (March 2014–March 2019) | ||||
| Absolute change (mL or g) | Relative change (%) | Absolute change (mL or g) | Relative change (%) | Absolute change (mL or g) | Relative change (%) | |
| Levy liable drinks (sugar/100 mL) | ||||||
| High tier (≥8 g) | 34.7 (8.1 to 61.4) | 7.3 (1.7 to 12.9) | −171.6 (−208.1 to –135.1) | −42.5 (−51.6 to –33.5) | −140.8 (−177.3 to –104.3) | −37.8 (−47.6 to –28.0) |
| Low tier (≥5 g to <8 g) | −65.7 (−77.5 to –53.8) | −37.1 (−43.7 to –30.4) | −71.8 (−87.8 to –55.8) | −71.8 (−87.8 to –55.8) | −170.5 (−186.5 to –154.5) | −85.8 (−93.9 to –77.8) |
| No levy (<5 g) | 181.0 (118.4 to 243.5) | 11.1 (7.3 to 14.9) | 395.0 (309.4 to 480.7) | 19.8 (15.5 to 24.1) | 685.5 (599.8 to 771.1) | 40.2 (35.2 to 45.2) |
| >0 g to<5 g | 103.8 (75.2 to 132.5) | 16.7 (12.1 to 21.3) | 202.0 (162.7 to 241.2) | 25.0 (20.1 to 29.9) | 374.6 (335.4 to 413.9) | 59.0 (52.8 to 65.1) |
| 0 g | 87.8 (41.1 to 134.5) | 8.7 (4.1 to 13.3) | 178.9 (115.6 to 242.3) | 14.7 (9.52 to 20.0) | 316.1 (252.7 to 379.4) | 29.4 (23.5 to 35.3) |
| Bottled water | 30.3 (−62.0 to 1.4) | 4.2 (−8.7 to 0.2) | 82.1 (−125.7 to –38.4) | −10.5 (−16.1 to –4.9) | −130.5 (−174.1 to –88.8) | −15.7 (−20.9 to –10.4) |
| Levy exempt drinks | ||||||
| Alcoholic drinks | −16.5 (−48.5 to 15.4) | 1.0 (−2.8 to 0.9) | −84.9 (−135.1 to –34.7) | −4.8 (−7.7 to –2.0) | −103.1 (−153.3 to –53.0) | −5.8 (−8.6 to –3.0) |
| Milk and milk based drinks* | −185.5 (−249.7 to –121.4) | −4.9 (−6.6 to –3.2) | 145.5 (64.4 to 226.6) | 4.2 (1.9 to 6.6) | −132.8 (−213.9 to –51.7) | −3.6 (−5.7 to –1.4) |
| No added sugar fruit juices | 6.8 (−6.9 to 20.5) | 1.4 (−1.4 to 4.3) | −6.2 (−24.8 to 12.5) | −1.26 (−6.1 to 2.5) | 8.7 (−9.9 to 27.3) | 1.82 (−2.1 to 5.7) |
| Drinks sold as powders (g) | −6.9 (−10.0 to –3.8) | −6.8 (−9.9 to –3.8) | 9.6 (5.3 to 13.9) | 11.2 (6.2 to 16.2) | 0.9 (−3.3 to 5.2) | 1.0 (−3.5 to 5.5) |
| Other categories | ||||||
| Confectionery (g) | −10.1 (−53.9 to 33.8) | −2.4 (−13.1 to 8.2) | 39.8 (−19.0 to 98.6) | 11.6 (−5.5 to 28.8) | 35.3 (94.1 to –23.5) | 10.2 (−6.8 to 27.1) |
| All soft drinks combined (ie, excluding alcohol) | 11.8 (−103.7 to 127.3) | 0.2 (−1.4 to 1.7) | 187.8 (29.7 to 345.9) | 2.6 (0.4 to 4.7) | 188.8 (30.7 to 346.9) | 2.6 (0.4 to 4.7) |
Bold indicates significant difference at 95% CI level.
*Milk comprises drinks in the following categories: semi-skimmed; specific low fat % milk (eg, 1% fat milk); whole milk; buttermilk; modified milk; other milk; other non-cows milk; rice drink; soya milk. Skimmed milk is excluded from all analysis in this paper due to missing data.