Table 5.

Exogenous engineering methods for EVs

No.	EV source	Method	Loading material	Ref.
1	HepG2 Cell	Incubation	Bleomycin	[97]
2	MDA-MB-231 cell	Incubation	lactoferrin	[98]
3	Dendritic cell	Incubation	triptolide	[99]
4	ADMSC	Incubation	Ovalbumin	[100]
5	ADMSC	Incubation	Coenzyme Q10	[103]
6	HT92 Cell	Active incubation	Doxorubicin	[104]
7	neutrophil	Extrusion	Doxorubicin	[108]
8	bEnd.3 cell	Sonication	Doxorubicin	[110]
9	RAW 264.7	Sonication	Resveratrol	[113]
10	M2 macrophage	Sonication	Melatonin	[114]
11	M2 macrophage	Sonication	Berberine	[111]
12	J774A.1 cell	Sonication	Curcumin	[115]
13	RAW 264.7	Sonication	Baicalin	[116]
14	HEK293T	Sonication	Erastin/Rose Bengal	[112]
15	Plasma	Sonication	Quercetin	[117]
16	lens epithelial cell	Electroporation	Doxorubicin	[121]
17	Urine	Electroporation	Au NP	[118]
18	Urine	Electroporation	PMA/Fe-HSA@DOX	[119]
19	UCMSC	Electroporation	miR-29b mimic	[123]
20	BMSC	Electroporation	siRNA	[120]
21	BMSC	Electroporation	Rifampicin	[124]
22	BMSC	Freeze-thaw, Incubation, Active incubation, Sonication	bevacizumab	[107]
23	hEnSC	Freeze-thaw, Incubation, Active incubation, Sonication	Atorvastatin	[105]
24	Cabbage	Incubation, lipofectamin	Doxorubicin	[125]
25	UCMSC	Incubation, Freeze-thaw, Extrusion	Paclitaxel	[109]
26	Milk	Incubation, Sonication	Doxorubicin	[126]
27	Panc-1 cell	Incubation, Sonication	Gemcitabine	[127]
28	Milk	Incubation, Active incubation, Sonication	Doxorubicin	[106]