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. 2023 Dec 11;13(51):36117–36129. doi: 10.1039/d3ra06933h

Surface atomic composition of EFB fibers and TONCs by XPS.

ID %C %O %Ca %N %Si %Na %Cl
EFB fibers 84.6 11.9 1.3 2.1
AHP-EFB 82.3 15.6 2.1
EFB-TOCN 63.7 28.3 4.3 1.2 1.2 1.3
TOCN30-1:8 74.8 22.3 1.5 0.2 1.0 0.2
TOCN 60-1:8 71.7 24.5 2.5 1.1 0.2
TOCN 90-1:8 70.8 25.4 1.9 0.3 0.7 0.9
TOCN 120-1:8 71.1 21.7 5.6 0.4 0.4 0.8
TOCN 120-1:1 74.2 23.2 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.8
TOCN 120-1:5 72.3 24.5 1.1 0.1 0.9 1.1
TOCN 120-1:10 74.8 22.9 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.6