(a) Lentiviral vector used for lineage tracing of JCF progenitors in epicardioids derived from AAVS1-CAG-FRT-flanked STOP-mKate2-HA reporter hiPSCs, consisting of the sequence encoding Tamoxifen-inducible flippase (FLPERT2) driven by the MAB21L2 promoter. cPPT: central polypurine tract; WPRE: woodchuck hepatitis virus posttranscriptional regulatory element. (b) (Left) Immunostaining for the HA-tag and ISL1 in epicardioids at day 9, after infection with the MAB21L2-FLPERT2 lentivirus at day 3 and application of hydroxtamoxifen (4-OHT) days 7-8. The arrowhead shows an exemplary HA-tag+ ISL1+ JCF cell at the outer layer. (Right) Corresponding uninfected negative control. Images are representative of 3 independent differentiations. (c,d) Experimental protocol used for lineage tracing of early MAB21L2+ progenitors. Epicardioids differentiated from AAVS1-FRT-flanked STOP-mKate2-HA reporter hiPSCs were transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding inducible flippase (FLPERT2) under the control of the MAB21L2 promoter at day 3 and treated with 4-OHT at days 4 and 5 before analysis at day 12. (c) (Left) Representative images of immunostaining for cTnT, E-cadherin (CDH1) and the HA-tag in infected organoids at day 12. Filled arrowhead: exemplary HA-tag+ mesothelial epicardial cell (epi), empty arrowhead: exemplary HA-tag+ epicardium-derived cell (EPDC), arrow: exemplary HA-tag+ cardiomyocyte (CM). Scale bar = 50 µm. (Right) Percentage of epi, EPDCs and CMs among HA-tag+ cells. Mean ± SEM; N = 12 epicardioids, 3 independent differentiations. (d) (e,f) UMAP plots showing the expression of the transcription factor (TF) GATA4 and its downstream targets in the JCF metacell cluster 14 (positively regulated: DPF3, NEBL, RP11-332H18.4; repressed: LRP2). (e) UMAP plots showing the expression of the TF TFAP2B and its downstream targets in the JCF metacell cluster 14 (positively regulated: AHNAK, CDC42EP1, CGN, ELMOD1, EPAS1, F11R, FUT8, GPC5, KCNMA1, KRT19, MXRA8, PDLIM1, PRSS23, RIMS2, SLC28A2, SPINT2, SWAP70, TGIF1, VTCN1, WNT6, WNT7B; repressed: METRN). (f).