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. 2023 Dec 11;14:8215. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43964-y

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — The colonization source pools of Eurasia and Australo-Papua are colored blue and red, respectively. The diagram illustrates the respective processes by which Eurasian and Australo-Papuan bird lineages colonize island mountains. At left are three Eurasian-origin montane supercolonizers for which we performed detailed population studies: Mountain Tailorbird Phyllergates cucullatus, an Indo-Pacific leaf warbler clade (shown is Phylloscopus maforensis ceramensis), and Snowy-browed Flycatcher Ficedula hyperythra. At right are two single-island endemic honeyeaters representing Australo-Papuan species. (illustrations by N. Arlott, R. Hathway, D. Quinn, J. Wilczur, and T. Worfolk, from Lynx Edicions).