Fig. 2. Probability of ancestral montane distribution for Eurasian-origin versus Australo-Papuan-origin species with montane island populations (MIPs).

The violin plots show full data distributions superimposed over standard boxplots. Each box indicates the interquartile range (IQR), with bottom and top edges representing the first (Q1) and third quartiles (Q3), respectively. The median (Q2) is indicated with a white circle. Whiskers extend to minima and maxima not exceeding 1.5 times the IQR below Q1 or above Q3. Values are derived from the probabilities at the Ancestral Source Nodes of all species from the respective groups, as described in Methods: Montane vs. lowland ancestry. Source data for the figure can be found in Supplementary Data 1.