Table 2.
ROBINS-I (risk of bias judgements in non-randomized studies of interventions).
| Confounding | Selection of participants | Classification of interventions | Deviations from intended interventions | Missing data | Measurement of outcomes | Selection of reported results | Overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Davis y Sinning 198733 | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Serious | Low | Serious |
| Aguiar et al. 200827 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Cowley et al. 20119 | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Serious | Low | Serious |
| Mendonca et al. 201115 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Moderate |
| Boer y de Beer 20192 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Low | Moderate |
| Tsimaras V et al. 200430 | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Low | Moderate |
| Post E et al. 202231 | Moderate | Low | Low | low | low | Serious | Low | Serious |
Low comparable to a well-performed randomized trial; Moderate sound for a non-randomized study, but not comparable to a rigorous randomized trial; Serious presence of important problems; Critical too problematic to provide any useful evidence on the effects of intervention; Overall risk of bias equal to the most severe level of bias found in any domain.