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. 2023 Dec 11;14:8212. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43633-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — A Scheme of arRNAs targeting endogenous transcripts of PPIB, SMAD4, STAT1, and GAPDH. (1) The empty vector has no targeting oligo. (2) Positive control construct is a 151-bp-long complementary oligo, with a T to C mismatch opposite of the targeted A. (3) Mismatch 26 construct consists of an arRNA as in (2) but including a 3-bp mismatch at 26 or 27 bases away from the target A site. B Quantification results showing the editing levels on targeted adenosine of the PPIB, SMAD4, STAT1, and GAPDH transcripts in ADAR2-expressing cells. Data is shown as the mean ± s.e.m.(standard error of the mean) with n = 3 independent experiments. The pairwise comparisons were evaluated using a one-tailed t-test and the corresponding p-values are shown on the top of the barplots. C Scheme of arRNAs targeting endogenous transcripts of SMAD4. (1) The empty vector has no targeting oligo. (2) Positive control construct is a 151-bp-long complementary oligo, with a T to C mismatch opposite of the targeted A. (3.1) Mismatch 26 construct consists of an arRNA as in (2) but including a 3-bp mismatch at 26 bases away from the target A site. (3.2) Mismatch 35 construct consists of an arRNA as in (2) but including a 4-bp mismatch at 35 bases away from the target A site. D Quantification results showing the editing levels on targeted adenosine of the SMAD4 transcript in ADAR1- and ADAR2-expressing cells. Data is shown as the mean ± s.e.m.(standard error of the mean) with n = 3 independent experiments. The pairwise comparisons were evaluated using a two-tailed t-test and the corresponding p-values are shown on the top of the barplot. E Scheme of arRNAs targeting endogenous GAPDH transcript. F Quantification results showing the editing levels on off-targeted adenosine of the GAPDH transcript in ADAR2-expressing cells. Data is shown as the mean ± s.e.m. (standard error of the mean) with n = 3 independent experiments. The pairwise comparisons were evaluated using a two-tailed t-test and the corresponding p-values are shown on the top of the barplot.