Table 1.
Details of the included preclinical studies
| Study (year) Study design | Treatment model Treatment site | Species | Application form | Treatment groups | Follow-up | Outcome parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Mendes (2008) Randomized |
Extraction socket UM1 |
Holtzman rats | 1% HyA gel (Nikkol; intraoperative) | HyA | 1st–5th, 7th, 21st day | BMP-2 and OPN expression Bone formation |
| Carbopol | ||||||
| Blood clot | ||||||
|
Sa (2013) Non-randomized |
Extraction socket in healthy and diabetic specimen UM1 |
Wistar rats | 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4% HyA gel (Galena; intraoperative) | Carbopol (non-diabetic) | 7th, 14th day | Bone formation |
| Carbopol (diabetic) | ||||||
| HyA (diabetic) | ||||||
| HyA + SWCNT (diabetic) | ||||||
|
Kim (2016) Randomized |
Infected extraction socket LM3 |
Beagle dogs | 1% HyA gel (Healon; intraoperative) | HyA | 3rd month | Bone formation |
| Blood clot | ||||||
|
Kim (2019) Randomized |
Infected extraction socket LPM3, LPM4 |
Beagle dogs | 1% HyA gel (Healon; intraoperative) | ACS | 3rd month | Bone formation |
| HyA + ACS | ||||||
| rhBMP-2 + ACS | ||||||
| Blood clot | ||||||
|
Lee (2021) Randomized |
Infected extraction socket LPM3, LPM4, LM1 |
Beagle dogs | 1% HyA gel (Healon; intraoperative) | ACS | 1st, 3rd month | Bone formation |
| HyA + ACS | ||||||
| DBBM-C | ||||||
| HyA + DBBM-C |
ACS absorbable collagen sponge, BMP bone morphogenetic protein, DBBM-C deproteinized bovine bone mineral with collagen, HyA hyaluronic acid, LM3 lower third molar, LPM3/4 lower third/fourth premolar, OPN osteopontin, rhBMP recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein, SWCNT single-walled carbon nanotube, UM1 upper first molar