FIGURE 1.

Effect of folic acid (FA) on neurite outgrowth of patient‐derived dopaminergic neurons (MD‐DNs). Dental pulp stem cells were differentiated into DNs in the absence or presence of FA. (A) DNs were visualized by immunofluorescence microscopy using anti‐β‐tubulin III and anti‐TH antibodies. Nuclei were counterstained with 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI). Scale bars = 20 μm. (B) Maximum neurite length and the total number of branches per DN were measured. The mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) was calculated after analyzing 30 cells from three independent experiments. DNs, dopaminergic neurons; FA, folic acid; MD, metatropic dysplasia; n.s., not significant.