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. 2023 Nov 13;9(12):2494–2503. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00342

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Higher cell inoculation is more prone to CRISPR-Cas antifungal resistance. (A–F) Effect of cell inoculation concentrations on the potency of CRISPR-Cas antifungals. Five strains (Vip52, Vip60, Vip76, Vip93, and Vip94) harboring the most effective antifungal designs and one control strain (Vip46*) were investigated with an initial OD of either 0.05 or 0.2. Higher concentration of cells at the outset of the experiment overwhelmed the population by decreasing lag time, thereby increasing both antibiotic and CRISPR-Cas antifungal resistance. (G) Viable cell count at 36-h outgrowth confirmed the increase in viable cells in the high inoculation scenario. In panels A–G, each value is a mean ±1 standard deviation (n ≥ 2).