Figure 1.

Comparative transcriptome mapping revealed differentially expressed genes (log₂-fold change) of PDR K. pneumoniae FADD-KP070 in response to treatment with ceftazidime/avibactam (48/4 mg/L). Major DEGs detected at 1, 3, and 6 h (log₂FC ≥ 0.59 or ≤ −0.59, false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05) were involved in the biosynthesis of (A) bacterial membrane lipids, (B) β-lactam resistance, (C) cell envelope pathways [lipopolysaccharide (LPS), O-antigen assembly], (D) lysine biosynthesis and central carbon metabolism, (E) glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), (F) tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and (G) electron transport chain (ETC).