Table 2.

Anthropometric, biochemical, and histological characteristics of mice

Variable	3 weeks		p value	20 weeks		p value
	HFD (n = 8)	CD (n = 7)		HFD (n = 18)	CD (n = 13)
Sex (female)	4 (50%)	4 (57.1%)	0.782	11 (61.1%)	7 (53.8%)	0.686
Body weight (g)	21.3 ± 2.61	18.9 ± 2.25	0.083	39.50 ± 7.38	28.06 ± 3.79	< 0.001***
Body length (cm)	8.65 ± 0.35	8.36 ± 0.42	0.160	9.27 ± 0.30	8.87 ± 0.32	< 0.001***
BMI (kg/m2)	28.38 ± 2.33	27.14 ± 2.61	0.351	45.82 ± 7.11	35.69 ± 3.40	< 0.001***
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	141.50 ± 17.53	86.14 ± 10.75	< 0.001***	168.22 ± 43.45	85.69 ± 11.71	< 0.001***
HDL (mg/dL)	98.14 ± 13.93	59.43 ± 6.05	< 0.001***	111.78 ± 25.19	63.69 ± 11.88	< 0.001***
LDL (mg/dL)	82.03 ± 14.42	33.84 ± 9.48	< 0.001***	110.02 ± 36.82	36.61 ± 10.05	< 0.001***
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	110.00 ± 34.65	87.14 ± 24.31	0.089	74.33 ± 22.47	69.54 ± 15.93	0.516
AST (U/L)	83.60 ± 40.15	73.60 ± 28.04	0.660	247.44 ± 181.57	69.44 ± 20.40	0.008**
ALT (U/L)	57.18 ± 33.68	40.20 ± 29.61	0.092	67.35 ± 31.64	46.08 ± 35.41	0.047*
Glucose (mg/dL)	329.25 ± 26.00	307.71 ± 34.04	0.188	321.94 ± 79.11	271.00 ± 35.00	0.039*
Insulin (µU/mL)	1.33 ± 0.71	0.96 ± 0.25	0.219	2.79 ± 1.88	1.22 ± 0.30	0.042*
HOMA-IR	1.08 ± 0.57	0.73 ± 0.22	0.162	2.38 ± 1.78	0.87 ± 0.28	0.010**
Steatosis grade (0/1/2/3)	75%/25%/ 0/0	100%/0/ 0/0	0.155	5.6%/66.7%/ 16.7%/11.1%	100%/0/0/0	< 0.001***
Lobular inflammation (0/1/2/3)	62.5%/25%/ 12.5%/0	71.4%/28.6%/ 0/0	0.626	27.8%/27.8%/ 33.3%/11.1%	76.9%/23.1%/ 0/0	0.022*
Ballooning (no/yes)	100%/0	100%/0	–	93.3%/6.7%	100%/0	–

Data are shown as mean ± SD for continuous variables, number (%) for binary variables, and frequency for categorical variables. T-test was used to test for significant differences with continuous variables. Chi-Square test was used for categorical variables

***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05