Fig 1.

Detected humoral antibody and cellular responses in study groups (represented as percentage) divided into negative or positive responses. Serum RBD-IgG antibodies (A), saliva RBD-IgG antibodies (B), NAbs (C), and IFN-γ release after stimulating T-cells against spike protein (D). The participants are divided into six groups based on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and/or vaccination: (i) unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals (n = 88); (ii) unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 convalescent individuals (n = 82); (iii) vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals (second dose; n = 11); (iv) vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals (third dose; n = 103); (v) vaccinated convalescent individuals (second dose; n = 102); and (vi) vaccinated convalescent individuals (third dose; n = 107). Experimental analyses were performed using Wildtype-RBD.