TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the study groups, sampled from January to March 2022
| Group 1 Unvaccinated naïve |
Group 2 Unvaccinated convalescent b |
Group 3 Vaccinated naïve (second dose) |
Group 4 Vaccinated naïve (third dose) |
Group 5 Vaccinated convalescent b (second dose) |
Group 6 Vaccinated convalescent b (third dose) |
P-value c | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n) | n = 88 | n = 82 | n = 11 | n = 103 | n = 102 | n = 107 | |||||||
| Sex, n (%) | 0.02 | ||||||||||||
| Female | 44 | 50 | 56 | 68.3 | 8 | 72.7 | 66 | 64.1 | 75 | 73.5 | 69 | 64.5 | |
| Male | 44 | 50 | 26 | 31.7 | 3 | 27.3 | 37 | 35.9 | 27 | 26.5 | 38 | 35.5 | |
| Age (years), median (5%–95% percentile) | 41.4 | 15.6–70.9 | 42.4 | 19.1–69.1 | 45.8 | 20.3–70.0 | 53.2 | 28.2–70.3 | 36.3 | 17.5–60.3 | 50.1 | 28.6–73.1 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (5%–95% percentile) | n = 78 | n = 76 | n = 10 | n = 99 | n = 102 | n = 107 | 0.05 | ||||||
| 25.9 | 17.8–37.3 | 25.7 | 19.8–37.1 | 23.4 | 18.6–34.8 | 27.1 | 21.5–35.6 | 25.7 | 19.8–35.7 | 26.9 | 21.0–34.7 | ||
| Smoking, n (%) | n = 86 | n = 81 | n = 10 | n = 85 | n = 102 | n = 107 | 0.02 | ||||||
| Ever | 49 | 57.0 | 39 | 48.1 | 8 | 80.0 | 63 | 61.8 | 45 | 44.1 | 59 | 55.1 | |
| Never | 37 | 43.0 | 42 | 51.9 | 2 | 20.0 | 39 | 38.2 | 57 | 55.9 | 48 | 44.9 | |
| Daily medication use, n (%) | n = 79 | n = 76 | n = 11 | n = 100 | n = 100 | n = 106 | 0.02 | ||||||
| Yes | 24 | 30.4 | 15 | 19.7 | 3 | 27.3 | 45 | 45.0 | 29 | 29.0 | 39 | 36.8 | |
| No | 55 | 69.6 | 61 | 80.3 | 8 | 72.7 | 55 | 55.0 | 71 | 71.0 | 67 | 63.2 | |
| Self-reported chronic disease a , n (%) | n = 74 | n = 65 | n = 10 | n = 85 | n = 92 | n = 105 | 0.005 | ||||||
| Yes | 27 | 36.5 | 24 | 36.9 | 3 | 30.0 | 50 | 58.8 | 35 | 38.0 | 56 | 53.3 | |
| No | 47 | 63.5 | 41 | 63.1 | 7 | 70.0 | 35 | 41.2 | 57 | 62.0 | 49 | 46.7 | |
| Days from RT-PCR test/omicron infection to blood sample, median (5%–95% percentile) d | 28 | 8–56 | 37 | 12–60 | 30 | 8–58 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Days between last dose and blood sample, median (5%–95% percentile) | 242 | 77–347 | 67 | 20–118 | 226 | 102–283 | 79 | 38–123 | 0.004 | ||||
| Days between last dose to RT-PCR-test/omicron infection, median (5%–95% percentile) | 183 | 62–244 | 47 | 6–106 | <0.001 | ||||||||
a
Asthma, heart disease, carnitine transporter deficiency, inflammatory bowel disease, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and type 2 diabetes.
b
All convalescent individuals were infected between 1 Jan 2022 and 7 March 2022.
c
Categorical χ2 ; continuous: non-parametric, Kruskal-Wallis H.
d
Missing for three individuals in group 2, one individual in group 4, and one individual in group 5.