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. 2023 Nov 28;11:1293268. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1293268

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Autofluorescence lifetime variations of MCF7 cells in response to glutaminolysis inhibition. Glutaminolysis inhibition reduced NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime (τ 1 , τ 2 , τ m ), and increased free NAD(P)H fraction (α 1 ). (A) Representative NAD(P)H τ m images of control (Control G), no glutamine (Control No G), and BPTES-treated (BPTES) MCF7 cells, scale bar = 60 μm (B) NAD(P)H α 1 (C) NAD(P)H τ 1 (D) NAD(P)H τ 2 (E) NAD(P)H τ m (F) Intensity redox ratio (FAD/(FAD + NAD(P)H)). ***p < 0.001 for two-sided Wilcoxon test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Substrates in each media: Control G (25 mM glucose +1 mM pyruvate +2 mM glutamine), Control No G (25 mM glucose +1 mM pyruvate), BPTES (25 mM glucose +1 mM pyruvate+ 2 mM glutamine +10 µm BPTES).