Table 1.

In-depth overview of intracranial features of the study cohort based on available imaging

Feature	Participants, n/n evaluated	(%)
Incomplete hippocampal inversion	26/41	(63.4)
Bilateral	19/41	(46.3)
Monolateral	7/41	(17.1)
Posterior fossa malformations*	29/44	(65.9)
Large cisterna magna	25/44	(56.8)
Dandy-Walker continuum	1/44	(2.3)
Large cisterna magna with low attachment of tentorium and low torcula	2/44	(4.5)
Inferior cerebellar vermis hypoplasia	1/44	(2.3)
Lateral ventricle morphology abnormalities	15/41	(36.6)
Dilation of lateral ventricles	10/41	(24.4)
Dysmorphic atria	5/41	(12.2)
Temporal horn enlargement	4/41	(9.8)
Other ventricular dysmorphisms	5/41	(12.2)
Cysts*	5/44	(11.4)
Arachnoid cyst	4/44	(9.1)
Choroid plexus cyst	1/44	(2.3)
Subependymal cyst	1/44	(2.3)
Pars intermedia cyst	1/44	(2.3)
White matter abnormalities	8/41	(19.5)
Generalised reduction of white matter thickness	2/41	(4.9)
Peritrigonal reduction of white matter thickness	2/41	(4.9)
Localised signal alterations of white matter	4/41	(9.8)
Periventricular leukomalacia	1/41	(2.4)
Gliosis of the peritrigonal regions	1/41	(2.4)
Left cerebellar hemisphere porencephaly	1/41	(2.4)
Patulous internal auditory canal*	8/12	(66.7)†
Empty sella	4/39	(10.3)
Vascular abnormalities	3/6	(50.0)†
Other brain imaging abnormalities	11/41	(26.8)
Widened subarachnoid space	2/41	(4.9)
Dilation of perivascular space	3/41	(7.3)
Abnormal corpus callosum morphology	2/41	(4.9)
Olfactory nerve/bulb abnormalities	2/41	(4.9)
Ocular/optic nerve abnormalities	2/41	(4.9)
Dilation of Meckel’s cave	1/41	(2.4)
Agenesis of septum pellucidum	1/41	(2.4)
Lipoma tuber cinereum	1/41	(2.4)

*Evaluated on both MRI and CT scan.

†Unlikely to be representative of the entire population (sample size too small).