Table 1.
Comparison of patient characteristics, hormones, testicular volume, shear wave elastography and rete testis thickness and patient distribution among the testicular volume subgroups
| Variable | OA (n=62) | NOA (n=83) | Control (n=47) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year), mean±s.d. | 32±5 | 30±4 | 31±8 | 0.072 |
| Serum hormone, median (IQR) | ||||
| FSH (IU l−1) | 4.4 (3.5–5.6)a,c | 26.5 (19.8–32.1)a,b | 3.9 (3.6–6.2)b,c | <0.001 |
| LH (IU l−1) | 3.8 (3.0–5.2)a,c | 9.5 (6.2–15.5)a,b | 3.5 (3.1–6.2)b,c | <0.001 |
| Testosterone (µg l−1) | 3.6 (2.7–5.0) | 4.0 (2.8–5.6) | 3.7 (3.0–4.9) | 0.498 |
| TV (cm3), mean±s.d. | 14.5±3.5a | 7.2±3.6a,b | 13.7±2.9b | <0.001 |
| SWE value (kPa), median (IQR) | 2.6 (2.3–2.9)a | 2.9 (2.4–3.5)a,b | 2.5 (2.3–2.9)b | <0.001 |
| RTT (mm), median (IQR) | 2.1 (1.8–2.6)a | 1.6 (1.2–2.0)a,b | 2.0 (1.6–2.4)b | <0.001 |
| TV subgroups (cm3), n (%) | ||||
| ≤7.0 | 0 (0) | 81 (48.8) | - | <0.001 |
| 7.1–9.0 | 4 (3.2) | 40 (24.1) | - | <0.001 |
| 9.1–11.0 | 19 (15.3) | 24 (14.5) | - | 0.838 |
| 11.1–13.0 | 20 (16.1) | 12 (7.2) | - | 0.017 |
| ≥13.1 | 81 (65.3) | 9 (5.4) | - | <0.001 |
aP<0.001, significant difference between OA and NOA groups; bP<0.001, significant difference between NOA and control groups; cP>0.05, similar between OA and control groups. TV: testicular volume; SWE: shear wave elastography; RTT: rete testis thickness; OA: obstructive azoospermia; NOA: nonobstructive azoospermia; s.d.: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile range; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; LH: luteinizing hormone; - : not applicable