Table 1.
Sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics of mpox cases according to HIV status (N = 409).
| HIV− (N = 196)a [n (%)] | HIV+ (N = 213)a [n (%)] | Total (N = 409)a [n (%)] | P valueb | |
| Age (median, IQR) | 31 (26–38) | 35 (30–40) | 33 (28–40) | <0.01 |
| Age range | <0.01 | |||
| 18–24 years | 34/196 (17.4%) | 12/213 (5.6%) | 46/409 (11.2%) | |
| 25–29 years | 49/196 (25%) | 33/213 (15.5%) | 82/409 (20.1%) | |
| 30–39 years | 71/196 (36.2%) | 105/213 (49.3%) | 176/409 (43%) | |
| ≥40 years | 42/196 (21.4%) | 63/213 (29.6%) | 105/409 (25.7%) | |
| Gender identity | <0.01 | |||
| Cisgender men | 171/196 (87.3%) | 204/213 (95.8%) | 375/409 (91.7%) | |
| Cisgender women | 21/196 (10.7%) | 2/213 (0.9%) | 23/409 (5.6%) | |
| Nonbinary | 0/196 | 0/213 | 0/409 | |
| Transgender men | 0/196 | 0/213 | 0/409 | |
| Travesti or transgender women | 4/196 (2%) | 7/213 (3.3%) | 11/409 (2.7%) | |
| Race | 0.65 | |||
| Black | 53/166 (31.9%) | 52/175 (29.7%) | 105/341 (30.8%) | |
| Pardo or mixed | 45/166 (27.1%) | 57/175 (32.6%) | 102/341 (29.9%) | |
| White | 67/166 (40.4%) | 64/175 (36.6%) | 131/341 (38.4%) | |
| Indigenous | 1/166 (0.6%) | 2/175 (1.1%) | 3/341 (0.9%) | |
| Education | 0.19 | |||
| Primary | 110/169 (65.1%) | 100/180 (55.6%) | 210/349 (60.2%) | |
| Secondary | 9/169 (5.3%) | 12/180 (6.6%) | 21/349 (6%) | |
| Post secondary | 50/169 (29.6%) | 68/180 (37.8%) | 118/349 (33.8%) | |
| MSM | 144/165 (87.3%) | 190/193 (98.4%) | 334/358 (93.3%) | <0.01 |
| Current sex work | 6/178 (3.4%) | 6/190 (3.2%) | 12/368 (3.3%) | 0.91 |
| PrEP use | 64/194 (32.9%) | NA | NA | |
| Reported sex in the last 30 days | 175/186 (94.1%) | 175/197 (88.8%) | 350/383 (91.4%) | 0.07 |
| Time from symptoms onset to initial assessment (median, IQR) | 6 (4, 9) | 6.0 (4, 10) | 6.0 (4, 9) | 0.52 |
| Median number of sex partners in the last 30 days (IQR) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 0.54 |
| Reported anal sex in the last 30 daysc | 78/175 (44.6%) | 88/175 (50.3%) | 166/350 (47.4%) | 0.28 |
| Sex contact with potential mpox cased | 35/171 (20.5%) | 35/173 (20.2%) | 70/344 (20.3%) | 0.58 |
| Home contact with potential mpox casese | 20/169 (11.9%) | 12/172 (7%) | 32/341 (9.4%) | 0.12 |
| Probable vaccinated for smallpox | 18/196 (9.2%) | 19/213 (8.9%) | 37/409 (9%) | 0.97 |
| Active syphilis | 18/180 (10%) | 59/198 (29.8%) | 77/383 (20.1%) | <0.01 |
| Anorectal gonorrhea | 11/141 (7.8%) | 15/164 (9.15%) | 26/305 (8.52%) | 0.69 |
| Anorectal Chlamydia | 12/141 (8.5%) | 18/164 (11%) | 30/305 (9.8%) | 0.47 |
| Any bacterial STI | 39/180 (21.7%) | 84/198 (42.4%) | 123/378 (32.5%) | <0.01 |
| Hepatitis B | 2/181 (1.1%) | 3/189 (1.6%) | 5/370 (1.4%) | >0.99 |
| Hepatitis C | 5/187 (2.7%) | 19/194 (9.8%) | 23/381 (6%) | <0.01 |
| Systemic symptoms or signs | 157/186 (75.3%) | 187/207 (84.1%) | 344/393 (79.8%) | 0.07 |
| Fever | 107/192 (55.7%) | 150/211 (71.1%) | 257/403 (63.7%) | <0.01 |
| Anogenital lesions | 143/193 (74.1%) | 170/207 (82.1%) | 313/400 (78.3%) | 0.05 |
| Clinical signs of proctitis | 37/194 (19.1%) | 63/212 (29.7%) | 100/406 (24.6%) | 0.01 |
| Rectal swab | 0.01 | |||
| PCR MPXV detectable | 80/121 (66.1%) | 131/163 (80.4%) | 211/284 (75.3%) | |
| PCR MPXV not detectable | 41/121 (33.9%) | 32/163 (19.6%) | 73/284 (24.7%) | |
| Required hospitalization | 19/196 (9.7%) | 24/213 (11.3%) | 43/409 (10.5%) | 0.60 |
| Death | 0/196 | 2/213 (1%) | 2/409 (0.5%) | 0.50 |
IQR, interquartile range; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis.
a
n (%); median (IQR).
b
Fisher's exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson's chi-squared test.
c
Both receptive and insertive anal sex.
d
Reported sexual contact with someone who was suspect case or diagnosis with mpox or presenting mpox-like lesions in the 30 days previous the study entry.
e
Reported living in the same household of suspected/confirmed mpox case in the 30 days previous the study entry.