Table 1.
Publications of randomized clinical trials examining the effect of percutaneous ventricular assist device in cardiogenic shock caused by acute myocardial infarction
| RCT | Year of publication | N | Mortality control (%)a | Mortality intervention (%)a | Complications/comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IABP vs. medical therapy | |||||
| Arias et al.2 | 2005 | 40 | 55.6 | 32.3 | Improved haemodynamics with IABP (PCWP; CI). |
| TACTICS3 | 2005 | 57 | 33.3 | 30.0 | Complications were equally distributed. Study was stopped early due to slow enrolment (planned n = 538). |
| IABP-SHOCK4 | 2010 | 40 | 28.6 | 36.8 | No improvement in haemodynamics with IABP. |
| IABP-SHOCK II5 | 2012 | 598 | 41.3 | 39.7 | Complications were equally distributed. |
| TandemHeart vs. IABP | |||||
| Thiele et al.6 | 2005 | 41 | 45.0 | 42.9 | Improved haemodynamics but more complications with the TandemHeart intervention. |
| Burkhoff et al.7 | 2006 | 33 | 35.7 | 47.4 | Study was stopped early due to slow enrolment (planned n = 90). |
| mAFP vs. IABP | |||||
| ISAR-SHOCK8 | 2008 | 26 | 46.2 | 46.2 | Improved haemodynamics with mAFP. |
| IMPRESS in severe shock9 | 2017 | 48 | 50.0 | 45.8 | More bleeding was reported with mAFP intervention. |
| IMPELLA-STIC10 | 2020 | 12 | 0 | 33.3 | More bleeding was reported with mAFP. Study was stopped early due to slow enrolment (planned n = 60). |
| V-A ECMO vs. medical therapy/rescue ECMO | |||||
| ECLS-SHOCK I1 | 2019 | 42 | 33.0 | 19.0 | Complications were equally distributed. |
| ECMO-CS11 | 2022 | 117 | 47.5 | 50.0 | Complications were equally distributed. |
| EURO-SHOCK12 | 2023 | 35 | 61.1 | 43.8 | More vascular and bleeding complications were reported with V-A ECMO. |
| ECLS-SHOCK13 | 2023 | 420 | 49.0 | 47.8 | More vascular and bleeding complications with V-A ECMO |
AMI-CS, acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock; CI, cardiac index; ECLS, extra corporeal life support; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; mAFP, micro-axial flow pump; pVAD, percutaneous ventricular assist device; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; RCT, randomized controlled trial; V-A ECMO, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
aIn-hospital or 30-day mortality, respectively.