Table 1.
Chemotherapeutic drugs, year of approval, spectrum and their mechanism of action.
| Drug/Intake | Virus | Activity spectrum | Mechanism of action | Antiviral resistance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amantadine (Oral) |
Influenza A virus | Viral penetration inhibitors | Disruption of M2 ion channel function, virus uncoating and assembly | Widespread |
| Rimantadine (Oral) |
Influenza A virus | Viral penetration inhibitors | Disruption of M2 ion channel function, virus uncoating and assembly | Widespread |
| Oseltamivir (Oral) |
Influenza A and B virus | Viral release inhibitor | Inhibits enzymatic activity of neuraminidase | Uncommon |
| Zanamivir (Inhaled, nebulized, intravenous) |
Influenza A and B virus | Viral release inhibitor | Inhibits enzymatic activity of neuraminidase | Rare |
| Peramivir (Intravenous) |
Influenza A and B viruses | Viral release inhibitor | Inhibits enzymatic activity of neuraminidase | Uncommon |
| Favipiravir/ T-705 (Oral) |
Influenza A, B, C and other RNA viruses | Viral replication inhibitor | Inhibits the activity of RNA dependent RNA polymerase of influenza viruses | Not reported |
| Laninamivir (Inhaled) |
Influenza A and B viruses | Viral release inhibitor | Inhibits enzymatic activity of neuraminidase | Rare |
| DAS181 (Inhaled) | Influenza A and B viruses | Viral penetration inhibitors | Sialidase activity that destroys receptor for HA | Not reported |