Table 1.
Comparison of characteristics among the different donor/recipient age-combination.
| Characteristic | Total | Group 1 (N = 51) | Group 2 (N = 64) | Group 3 (N = 68) | Group 4 (N = 90) | Statistics | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic of donors | |||||||
| Gender, n (%) | – | 0.225 | |||||
| Male | 233 (85.3) | 42 (82.4) | 54 (84.4) | 63 (92.6) | 74 (82.2) | ||
| Female | 40 (14.7) | 9 (17.6) | 10 (15.6) | 5 (7.4) | 16 (17.8) | ||
| Age (year), mean ± SD | 40.69 ± 11.27 | 29.82 ± 7.52 | 48.03 ± 4.74 | 30.37 ± 7.37 | 49.43 ± 5.90 | 23596.896 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 23.32 ± 3.26 | 22.27 ± 3.47 | 23.34 ± 3.29 | 23.10 ± 3.12 | 24.05 ± 3.08 | 107.360 | 0.017 |
| Blood type, n (%) | 4.718 | 0.874 | |||||
| A | 74 (27.1) | 14 (27.5) | 15 (23.4) | 19 (27.9) | 26 (28.9) | ||
| B | 73 (26.7) | 13 (25.5) | 16 (25.0) | 21 (30.9) | 23 (25.6) | ||
| AB | 9 (3.3) | 3 (5.9) | 3 (4.7) | 2 (2.9) | 1 (1.1) | ||
| O | 117 (42.9) | 21 (41.2) | 30 (46.9) | 26 (38.2) | 40 (44.4) | ||
| TLC, mean ± SD | 5.99 ± 0.73 | 5.99 ± 0.72 | 5.84 ± 0.75 | 6.33 ± 0.65 | 5.84 ± 0.70 | 11.387 | <0.001 |
| CIT (min), mean ± SD | 8.09 ± 1.90 | 8.33 ± 1.56 | 8.47 ± 1.61 | 7.77 ± 2.37 | 7.93 ± 1.86 | 21.395 | 0.116 |
| Characteristic of recipients | |||||||
| Gender, n (%) | – | <0.001 | |||||
| Male | 227 (83.2) | 31 (60.8) | 51 (79.7) | 59 (86.8) | 86 (95.6) | ||
| Female | 46 (16.8) | 20 (39.2) | 13 (20.3) | 9 (13.2) | 4 (4.4) | ||
| Age (year), mean ± SD | 55.49 ± 12.46 | 43.67 ± 10.08 | 44.22 ± 10.02 | 64.12 ± 5.87 | 63.69 ± 4.91 | 26371.609 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 20.37 ± 3.94 | 19.83 ± 4.37 | 19.32 ± 3.43 | 21.14 ± 3.71 | 20.85 ± 4.06 | 145.973 | 0.024 |
| Blood type, n (%) | 7.336 | 0.597 | |||||
| A | 87 (31.9) | 15 (29.4) | 19 (29.7) | 24 (35.3) | 29 (32.2) | ||
| B | 76 (27.8) | 15 (29.4) | 13 (20.3) | 21 (30.9) | 27 (30.0) | ||
| AB | 19 (7.0) | 4 (7.8) | 7 (10.9) | 5 (7.4) | 3 (3.3) | ||
| O | 91 (33.3) | 17 (33.3) | 25 (39.1) | 18 (26.5) | 31 (34.4) | ||
| TLC, mean ± SD | 5.78 ± 0.74 | 5.68 ± 0.88 | 5.91 ± 0.79 | 5.65 ± 0.71 | 5.82 ± 0.61 | 2.834 | 0.159 |
| Primary indications, n (%) | 60.921 | <0.001 | |||||
| IPF | 77 (28.2) | 10 (19.6) | 14 (21.9) | 21 (30.9) | 32 (35.6) | ||
| Secondary IPF | 59 (21.6) | 11 (21.6) | 11 (17.2) | 19 (27.9) | 18 (20.0) | ||
| COPD | 58 (21.2) | 5 (9.8) | 7 (10.9) | 15 (22.1) | 31 (34.4) | ||
| Pneumoconiosis | 36 (13.2) | 7 (13.7) | 21 (32.8) | 3 (4.4) | 5 (5.6) | ||
| Others | 43 (15.8) | 18 (35.3) | 11 (17.2) | 10 (14.7) | 4 (4.4) | ||
| Donor/recipient characteristic-combination | |||||||
| Donor/recipient predicted TLC ratio, mean ± SD | 1.05 ± 0.16 | 1.07 ± 0.15 | 1.00 ± 0.13 | 1.13 ± 0.15 | 1.01 ± 0.15 | 0.798 | <0.001 |
| ABO blood type compatibility, n (%) | – | 0.922 | |||||
| Identical | 230 (84.2) | 44 (86.3) | 55 (85.9) | 56 (82.4) | 75 (83.3) | ||
| Nonidentical | 43 (15.8) | 7 (13.7) | 9 (14.1) | 12 (17.6) | 15 (16.7) | ||
| Preoperative characteristic of recipients | |||||||
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | – | 0.256 | |||||
| No | 255 (93.4) | 45 (88.2) | 62 (96.9) | 65 (95.6) | 83 (92.2) | ||
| Yes | 18 (6.6) | 6 (11.8) | 2 (3.1) | 3 (4.4) | 7 (7.8) | ||
| Infection of pan-drug resistant bacterial, n (%) | – | 0.316 | |||||
| No | 255 (93.4) | 46 (90.2) | 61 (95.3) | 66 (97.1) | 82 (91.1) | ||
| Yes | 18 (6.6) | 5 (9.8) | 3 (4.7) | 2 (2.9) | 8 (8.9) | ||
| Infection of bacterial, n (%) | – | 0.668 | |||||
| No | 206 (75.5) | 37 (72.5) | 48 (75.0) | 55 (80.9) | 66 (73.3) | ||
| Yes | 67 (24.5) | 14 (27.5) | 16 (25.0) | 13 (19.1) | 24 (26.7) | ||
| Infection of fungal, n (%) | – | 0.065 | |||||
| No | 237 (86.8) | 45 (88.2) | 60 (93.8) | 53 (77.9) | 79 (87.8) | ||
| Yes | 36 (13.2) | 6 (11.8) | 4 (6.3) | 15 (22.1) | 11 (12.2) | ||
| Hormone dependency treatment, n (%) | – | 0.675 | |||||
| No | 139 (50.9) | 29 (56.9) | 32 (50.0) | 31 (45.6) | 47 (52.2) | ||
| Yes | 134 (49.1) | 22 (43.1) | 32 (50.0) | 37 (54.4) | 43 (47.8) | ||
| History of smoking, n (%) | – | 0.001 | |||||
| No | 136 (49.8) | 35 (68.6) | 34 (53.1) | 36 (52.9) | 31 (34.4) | ||
| Yes | 137 (50.2) | 16 (31.4) | 30 (46.9) | 32 (47.1) | 59 (65.6) | ||
| Diabetes, n (%) | – | 0.004 | |||||
| No | 216 (79.1) | 46 (90.2) | 55 (85.9) | 44 (64.7) | 71 (78.9) | ||
| Yes | 57 (20.9) | 5 (9.8) | 9 (14.1) | 24 (35.3) | 19 (21.1) | ||
| Hypertension, n (%) | – | <0.001 | |||||
| No | 213 (78.0) | 47 (92.2) | 59 (92.2) | 44 (64.7) | 63 (70.0) | ||
| Yes | 60 (22.0) | 4 (7.8) | 5 (7.8) | 24 (35.3) | 27 (30.0) | ||
| History of pneumothorax, n (%) | – | 0.282 | |||||
| No | 232 (85.0) | 41 (80.4) | 52 (81.3) | 62 (91.2) | 77 (85.6) | ||
| Yes | 41 (15.0) | 10 (19.6) | 12 (18.8) | 6 (8.8) | 13 (14.4) | ||
| History of pulmonary embolism, n (%) | – | 0.486 | |||||
| No | 264 (96.7) | 49 (96.1) | 63 (98.4) | 67 (98.5) | 85 (94.4) | ||
| Yes | 9 (3.3) | 2 (3.9) | 1 (1.6) | 1 (1.5) | 5 (5.6) | ||
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | – | <0.001 | |||||
| No | 218 (79.9) | 50 (98.0) | 61 (95.3) | 44 (64.7) | 63 (70.0) | ||
| Yes | 55 (20.1) | 1 (2.0) | 3 (4.7) | 24 (35.3) | 27 (30.0) | ||
| History of blood transfusion, n (%) | – | 0.092 | |||||
| No | 259 (94.9) | 45 (88.2) | 62 (96.9) | 67 (98.5) | 85 (94.4) | ||
| Yes | 14 (5.1) | 6 (11.8) | 2 (3.1) | 1 (1.5) | 5 (5.6) | ||
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L), median (IQR) | 11.0 (7.7–14.6) | 10.0 (7.2–13.6) | 11.1 (7.6–15.1) | 11.6 (8.6–14.9) | 11.0 (7.8–14.6) | 159.075 | 0.668 |
| Glutathione aminotransferase (U/L), median (IQR) | 20.0 (12.0–31.0) | 24.0 (15.3–33.5) | 22.0 (15.0–32.0) | 15.5 (10.8–26.3) | 19.0 (12.0–30.0) | 1161.599 | 0.365 |
| Glutathione transaminase (U/L), median (IQR) | 22.0 (16.7–30.3) | 22.5 (18.0–33.5) | 24.0 (18.0–34.0) | 20.0 (15.0–34.5) | 21.0 (15.0–27.0) | 676.963 | 0.365 |
| PaO2 (mmHg), median (IQR) | 72.0 (58.0–93.0) | 68.5 (55.3–85.5) | 69.0 (56.9–86.0) | 74.8 (59.8–95.8) | 74.0 (59.0–103.0) | 1564.831 | 0.695 |
| PaCO2 (mmHg), median (IQR) | 46.2 (40.8–55.2) | 43.3 (38.4–50.2) | 45.0 (41.0–53.5) | 47.4 (40.7–51.7) | 48.2 (41.7–59.7) | 855.472 | 0.205 |
| FiO2 (%), median (IQR) | 28.0 (21.0–37.0) | 29.0 (21.0–39.3) | 21.0 (21.0–36.0) | 29.5 (21.0–37.8) | 29.0 (21.0–33.0) | 1325.258 | 0.295 |
| Oxygenation index, median (IQR) | 271.5 (208.0–343.0) | 247.0 (199.8–328.5) | 266.0 (191.5–340.5) | 268.0 (222.3–343.0) | 290.0 (223.0–352.0) | 39950.269 | 0.365 |
| Surgical characteristics | |||||||
| Procedure type, n (%) | – | <0.001 | |||||
| SLT | 87 (31.9) | 7 (13.7) | 10 (15.6) | 31 (45.6) | 39 (43.3) | ||
| BLT | 186 (68.1) | 44 (86.3) | 54 (84.4) | 37 (54.4) | 51 (56.7) | ||
| Type of ECMO, n (%) | 6.484 | 0.370 | |||||
| V-A/V-A-V | 60 (22.0) | 11 (21.6) | 18 (28.1) | 16 (23.5) | 15 (16.7) | ||
| VV | 145 (53.1) | 28 (54.9) | 34 (53.1) | 30 (44.1) | 53 (58.9) | ||
| No | 68 (24.9) | 12 (23.5) | 12 (18.8) | 22 (32.4) | 22 (24.4) | ||
BLT, bilateral lung transplantation; BMI, body mass index; CIT, Cold ischemia time; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; IQR, interquartile range, SLT, single lung transplantation; TLC, total lung capacity; V-A, veno-arterial; V-A-V, veno-arterial-veno; VV, veno-venous; PaO2, arterial partial pressure of oxygen; PaCO2, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide; FiO2, fraction of inspired oxygen.