Table 1.

Comparison between Yamada, Solandt and Feng effect

	Yamada effect	Solandt effect	Feng effect
Stimulus	Hypertonicity of the medium	Depolarization of membraneb,c	Stretchinga,f
Threshold	Less than 2× normal osmolality	About −65 mVb,c	To 1.2 × normal lengthf
Maximal heat rate	30 – 50 mcal.g−1. min−1 (125 − 209  mJ. g−1. min−1)	40 mcal.g−1. min−1 c (167 mJ.g−1. min−1)	10 − 14 mcal.g−1. min−1 f (42 − 58 mJ.g−1. min−1)
Effect of anaerobic condition	Reduced to 1/10	Reduced to 1/10c	Reduced to 1/2a
Effect of procaineg (<10 mM)	Substantially reduced	Suppressed completelye	Potentiatedf
Effect of ouabainh (10−1 M)	Not affected	Not affected	–
In K2SO4 (isotonic)	Remains substantial	–	Remains normald,f

Yamada [41]. Headings are added on top of each column

^aFeng [47]; Euler [48]

^bSolandt [46]

^cHill and Howarth [43]

^dHowarth JV, unpublished

^eNovotný et al. [50]

^fClinch [49]

^gBlocks voltage-gated Na channels

^hInhibits the Na/K ATPase (pump) and consequently increases intracellular Ca