Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics.
| All Patients | Patients with CS | |||||
| Lanreotide (n = 241) | Octreotide LAR (n = 521) | P Valueb | Lanreotide (n=91) | Octreotide LAR (n=240) | P Valueb | |
| Demographic Characteristicsa | ||||||
| Age | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 56.7 (10.4) | 59.3 (11.0) | .002 | 55.4 (9.1) | 59.6 (10.6) | .001 |
| Min-Max | 25-90 | 28-93 | 25-75 | 28-89 | ||
| Sex, n (%) | ||||||
| Male | 116 (48.1) | 269 (51.6) | .369 | 40 (44.0) | 121 (50.4) | .294 |
| Female | 125 (51.9) | 252 (48.4) | 51 (56.0) | 119 (49.6) | ||
| Geographic region,c n (%) | ||||||
| Northeast | 26 (10.8) | 74 (14.2) | .003 | 13 (14.3) | 33 (13.8) | .121 |
| North Central | 54 (22.4) | 172 (33.0) | 16 (17.6) | 72 (30.0) | ||
| South | 133 (55.2) | 222 (42.6) | 54 (59.3) | 113 (47.1) | ||
| West | 28 (11.6) | 52 (10.0) | 8 (8.8) | 22 (9.2) | ||
| Unknown | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Population density, n (%) | ||||||
| Urban | 205 (85.1) | 451 (86.6) | .577 | 75 (82.4) | 203 (84.6) | .631 |
| Rural | 36 (14.9) | 70 (13.4) | 16 (17.6) | 37 (15.4) | ||
| Payer, n (%) | ||||||
| Commercial | 195 (80.9) | 383 (73.5) | .015 | 79 (86.8) | 174 (72.5) | .006 |
| Medicare Supplemental | 45 (18.7) | 138 (26.5) | 12 (13.2) | 66 (27.5) | ||
| Medicare Advantage | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Index year, n (%) | ||||||
| 2015 | 39 (16.2) | 164 (31.5) | <.001 | 18 (19.8) | 83 (34.6) | <.001 |
| 2016 | 37 (15.4) | 129 (24.8) | 16 (17.6) | 70 (29.2) | ||
| 2017 | 44 (18.3) | 81 (15.5) | 13 (14.3) | 37 (15.4) | ||
| 2018 | 40 (16.6) | 47 (9.0) | 20 (22.0) | 20 (8.3) | ||
| 2019 | 39 (16.2) | 61 (11.7) | 15 (16.5) | 19 (7.9) | ||
| 2020 | 42 (17.4) | 39 (7.5) | 9 (9.9) | 11 (4.6) | ||
| Duration of follow-up, mo | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 27.9 (15.0) | 31.9 (16.2) | .001 | 30.3 (16.0) | 33.5 (16.8) | .115 |
| Median | 22.8 | 28.0 | 27.2 | 29.4 | ||
| Reason for end of follow-up, n (%) | ||||||
| End of continuous enrollment | 145 (60.2) | 373 (71.6) | .002 | 52 (57.1) | 183 (76.3) | <.001 |
| End of the study period | 96 (39.8) | 148 (28.4) | 39 (42.9) | 57 (23.8) | ||
| Clinical Characteristics | ||||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index,d mean (SD) | 8.1 (3.1) | 7.9 (3.4) | .379 | 7.9 (3.2) | 7.8 (3.5) | .817 |
| NET diagnosis year, n (%) | ||||||
| 2015 | 84 (34.9) | 256 (49.1) | <.001 | 33 (36.3) | 129 (53.8) | .003 |
| 2016 | 32 (13.3) | 93 (17.9) | 14 (15.4) | 47 (19.6) | ||
| 2017 | 41 (17.0) | 68 (13.1) | 14 (15.4) | 31 (12.9) | ||
| 2018 | 31 (12.9) | 42 (8.1) | 14 (15.4) | 14 (5.8) | ||
| 2019 | 33 (13.7) | 47 (9.0) | 13 (14.3) | 16 (6.7) | ||
| 2020 | 20 (8.3) | 15 (2.9) | 3 (3.3) | 3 (1.3) | ||
| Type of NET,e n (%) | ||||||
| Benign | 50 (20.7) | 152 (29.2) | .028 | 18 (19.8) | 69 (28.8) | .213 |
| Malignant | 126 (52.3) | 227 (43.6) | 46 (50.5) | 101 (42.1) | ||
| Metastatic | 65 (27.0) | 142 (27.3) | 27 (29.7) | 70 (29.2) | ||
| Presence of metastatic disease at NET diagnosis,f n (%) |
101 (41.9) | 218 (41.8) | .986 | 40 (44.0) | 109 (45.4) | .812 |
| Location of primary tumor,g n (%) | ||||||
| Pancreas | 15 (6.2) | 19 (3.6) | .515 | 2 (2.2) | 5 (2.1) | .710 |
| Lung/bronchus | 13 (5.4) | 33 (6.3) | 5 (5.5) | 14 (5.8) | ||
| Stomach | 4 (1.7) | 15 (2.9) | 1 (1.1) | 8 (3.3) | ||
| Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) | 48 (19.9) | 97 (18.6) | 25 (27.5) | 58 (24.2) | ||
| Cecum | 2 (0.8) | 8 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (2.5) | ||
| Appendix | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Colon | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.4) | ||
| Rectum | 0 (0.0) | 5 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.8) | ||
| Other/ unspecified location | 132 (54.8) | 295 (56.6) | 48 (52.7) | 123 (51.3) | ||
| Secondary tumor (unknown primary tumor site) |
26 (10.8) | 46 (8.8) | 9 (9.9) | 23 (9.6) | ||
| Time from NET diagnosis to LA-SSA treatment initiation (mo) | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 9.6 (13.4) | 7.2 (10.0) | .008 | 8.0 (12.1) | 6.6 (8.7) | .246 |
| Median | 3.3 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.2 | ||
| Presence of carcinoid syndrome,h n (%) | 91 (37.8) | 240 (46.1) | .031 | 91 (100.0) | 240 (100.0) | |
aEvaluated on the index date.
bCalculated using 2-sample t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square/Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables.
cUS Census regions; determined based on the patient’s postal zip code.
dEvaluated during the 12-month pre-index period.
eBased on ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM NET diagnosis codes on the NET diagnosis date and classified by the severity level (metastatic > malignant > benign).
fBased on ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes for any secondary malignancy in the 30 days prior to or on the NET diagnosis date.
gBased on ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM NET diagnosis codes on the NET diagnosis date and classified by the order of location categories listed.
hBased on ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM diangosis codes for CS between the start of the 12-month pre-index period and the end of the variable-length follow-up period.
Abbreviations: CS, carcinoid syndrome; LAR, long-acting release; LA-SSA, long-acting somatostatin analog; NET, neuroendocrine tumor