TABLE 3.
Multivariate linear regression analysis of independent association between serum LC3A levels and clinical parameters of patients with KOA before vitamin D2 supplementation.
| Variables | Serum LC3A levels | p value* |
|---|---|---|
| β‐coefficient (95% CI) | ||
| Radiographic severity | ||
| KL grade | 22.67 (9.70 to 35.65) | 0.001 |
| Pain and physical disability | ||
| VAS | 4.91 (3.46 to 13.28) | 0.029 |
| WOMAC | 4.00 (3.58 to 13.59) | 0.020 |
| Metabolic markers | ||
| Total cholesterol | 0.25 (0.19 to 0.68) | 0.026 |
| Biochemical markers | ||
| hs‐CRP | 36.72 (34.45 to 38.89) | <0.001 |
| IL‐6 | −2.05 (−5.57 to −1.46) | 0.034 |
| Protein carbonyl | 20.13 (2.28, 39.98) | 0.037 |
| 25(OH)D | −11.61, (−14.62 to −8.62) | <0.001 |
Note: Bold values denote statistically significant at p value less than 0.05 (two‐tailed).
Abbreviations: 25(OH)D, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D; CI, confidence interval; hs‐CRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; KL, Kellgren‐Lawrence; KOA, knee osteoarthritis; IL‐6, interleukin‐6; LC3A, microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3A; VAS, visual analog scale; WOMAC, Western Ontario and MacMaster University.
*
p‐values were all adjusted by established confounders including age, gender, and BMI.