Table 3.
Multiple regression analysis evaluating PWV and RRI as dependent variables
| Coefficient β | P | |
|---|---|---|
| PWV | ||
| Multiple regression—Model 1* | ||
| Age, years | 0.20 | 0.0003 |
| Multiple regression—Model 2† | ||
| Age, years | 0.14 | 0.02 |
| HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 0.25 | 0.008 |
| Multiple regression—Model 3‡ | ||
| RRI | 9.4 | 0.007 |
| u-OPN, ng/mL | 2.6 | 0.049 |
| RRI | ||
| Multiple regression—Model 1* | ||
| Age, years | 0.006 | < 0.0001 |
| Multiple regression—Model 2† | ||
| Age, years | 0.29 | 0.004 |
| HbA1c, % | 0.23 | 0.007 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | − 0.24 | 0.01 |
| Multiple regression—Model 3‡ | ||
| Age, years | 0.002 | 0.047 |
| HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 0.014 | 0.008 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | − 0.01 | 0.01 |
| u-OPN, ng/mL | 0.09 | 0.006 |
*Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, SBP, being in secondary prevention. †Model 2 was adjusted for HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, eGFR, UACR > 30 mg/g. ‡Model 3 was adjusted for RRI (not when the dependent variable is RRI), u-B2M, u-Cys, u-NGAL, u-OPN, u-TFF3. PWV: pulse wave velocity; AugI: Augmentation Index; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; eGFR: estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; UACR: Urinary Albumin to Creatine Ratio; RRI: renal resistivity index; u-B2M: urinary β2 microglobulin; ; u-Cys: urinary Cystatin C; u-NGAL: urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin; u-OPN: urinary osteopontin; u-TFF3: urinary TreFoil Factor 3