Table 1.
Patients baseline characteristics.
| Overall (N=136) | Surgery (N=42) | Non-surgery (N=94) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.956 | |||
| Median [IQR] | 57.5 (25–80) | 61.5 (25–74) | 56.0 (27–80) | |
| Sex, N (%) | 0.105 | |||
| Female | 56 (41.2) | 13 (31.0) | 43 (45.7) | |
| Male | 80 (58.8) | 29 (69.0) | 51 (54.3) | |
| BMI | 0.035 | |||
| Mean [IQR] | 21.7 (16–29.6) | 22.9 (16–29.6) | 21.2 (16–28.0) | |
| ECOG, N (%) | 0.792 | |||
| 0–1 | 132 (97.1) | 41 (97.6) | 91 (96.8) | |
| >1 | 4 (2.9) | 1 (2.4) | 3 (3.2) | |
| Primary tumour size (cm), N (%) | 0.298 | |||
| <5 | 59 (43.4) | 21 (50.0) | 38 (40.4) | |
| ≥5 | 77 (56.6) | 21 (50.0) | 56 (59.6) | |
| Tumour invasion, N (%) | 0.055 | |||
| cT3 | 4 (2.9) | 3 (7.1) | 1 (1.1) | |
| cT4a | 54 (39.7) | 12 (28.6) | 42 (44.7) | |
| cT4b | 78 (57.4) | 27 (64.3) | 51 (54.2) | |
| Lymph node metastasis, N (%) | 0.149 | |||
| cN1 | 5 (3.6) | 0 | 5 (5.3) | |
| cN2 | 33 (24.3) | 11 (26.2) | 22 (23.4) | |
| cN3 | 98 (72.1) | 31 (73.8) | 67 (71.3) | |
| TNM stage, N (%) | <0.001 | |||
| IV A | 29 (21.3) | 18 (42.9) | 11 (11.7) | |
| IV B | 107 (78.7) | 24 (57.1) | 83 (88.3) | |
| Location of the primary tumour, N (%) | 0.511 | |||
| Upper | 30 (22.1) | 12 (28.6) | 18 (19.2) | |
| Middle | 23 (16.9) | 7 (16.7) | 16 (17.0) | |
| Lower | 59 (43.4) | 18 (42.8) | 41 (43.6) | |
| Mixed | 24 (17.6) | 5 (11.9) | 19 (20.2) | |
| Metastases sites, N (%) | ||||
| Liver | 0.043 | |||
| Involved | 29 (21.3) | 4 (9.5) | 25 (26.6) | |
| Non-involved | 107 (78.7) | 38 (90.5) | 69 (73.4) | |
| Peritoneum, N (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Involved | 78 (57.4) | 12 (28.6) | 66 (70.2) | |
| Non-involved | 58 (42.6) | 30 (71.4) | 28 (29.8) | |
| Distant lymph nodes, N (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Involved | 95 (69.9) | 20 (47.6) | 75 (79.8) | |
| Non-involved | 41 (30.1) | 22 (52.4) | 19 (20.2) | |
| Ovary, N (%) | 0.745 | |||
| Involved | 13 (9.6) | 3 (7.1) | 10 (10.6) | |
| Non-involved | 123 (90.4) | 39 (92.9) | 84 (89.4) | |
| Signet ring cell carcinoma, N (%) | 0.172 | |||
| Involved | 40 (29.4) | 9 (21.4) | 31 (33.0) | |
| Non-involved | 96 (70.6) | 33 (78.6) | 63 (67.0) | |
| Histologic differentiation, N (%) | 0.565 | |||
| Well or moderately | 26 (19.1) | 11 (26.2) | 15 (16.0) | |
| Poorly differentiated | 94 (69.1) | 27 (64.3) | 67 (71.2) | |
| Unknown | 16 (11.8) | 4 (9.5) | 12 (12.8) | |
| Laparoscopic exploration, N (%) | 0.363 | |||
| Involved | 93 (68.4) | 31 (73.8) | 62 (66.0) | |
| Non-involved | 43 (31.6) | 11 (26.2) | 32 (34.0) | |
| PD-L1, N (%) | 0.003 | |||
| <5 | 68 (50.0) | 13 (31.0) | 46 (58.5) | |
| ≥5 | 68 (50.0) | 29 (69.0) | 39 (41.5) | |
| HER2 status, N (%) | 0.002 | |||
| Negative | 116 (85.3) | 30 (71.4) | 86 (91.5) | |
| Positive | 20 (14.7) | 12 (28.6) | 8 (8.5) | |
| MMR status, N (%) | 0.766 | |||
| pMMR | 119 (87.5) | 38 (90.4) | 81 (86.2) | |
| dMMR | 8 (5.9) | 2 (4.8) | 6 (6.4) | |
| Unknown | 9 (6.6) | 2 (4.8) | 7 (7.4) | |
| EBER status, N (%) | 0.140 | |||
| Negative | 117 (86.0) | 39 (92.8) | 78 (83.0) | |
| Positive | 7 (5.2) | 2 (4.8) | 5 (5.3) | |
| Unknown | 12 (8.8) | 1 (2.4) | 11 (11.7) | |
| CEA (ng/ml), N (%) | 0.253 | |||
| <5 | 91 (66.9) | 31 (73.8) | 60 (63.8) | |
| ≥5 | 45 (33.1) | 11 (26.2) | 34 (36.2) | |
| CA-199 (U/ml), N (%) | 0.065 | |||
| <37 | 99 (72.8) | 35 (83.3) | 64 (68.1) | |
| ≥37 | 37 (27.2) | 7 (16.7) | 30 (31.9) | |
| CA-724 (U/ml), N (%) | 0.087 | |||
| <6 | 86 (63.2) | 31 (73.8) | 55 (58.5) | |
| ≥6 | 50 (36.8) | 11 (26.2) | 39 (41.5) |
CA-199, carbohydrate antigen 199; CA-724, carbohydrate antigen 724; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; dMMR, proficient mismatch repair; EBER, epstein-barr virus; ECOG, eastern cooperative oncology group; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2; IQR, interquartile range; MMR, mismatch repair; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1; pMMR, deficient mismatch repair.