Table 3. Reasons for culling for the AFC groups * by parity until the end of the third lactation.
| Timing for culling | AFC group * | Tempera-ment | Mortality | Metabolic disease | Low productivity | Hoof disease | Udder disorder & Mastitis | Reproductive disorders | Unknown | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First lactation | Young | 20.0 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 60.0 (3) | 0.0 (0) | 20.0 (1) | 5 |
| Moderate | 4.3 (1) | 8.7 (2) | 4.3 (1) | 13.0 (3) | 4.3 (1) | 47.8 (11) | 4.3 (1) | 13.0 (3) | 23 | |
| Old | 3.8 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 7.7 (2) | 3.8 (1) | 42.3 (11) | 23.1 (6) | 19.2 (5) | 26 | |
| Very old | 0.0 (0) | 9.0 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 9.0 (1) | 9.0 (1) | 36.4 (4) | 9.0 (1) | 27.3 (3) | 11 | |
| Total | 4.6% (3) | 4.6% (3) | 1.5% (1) | 9.2% (6) | 4.6% (3) | 44.6% (29) | 12.3% (8) | 18.5% (12) | 65 | |
| Second lactation | Young | 0.0 (0) | 25.0 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 50.0 (2) | 25.0 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 4 |
| Moderate | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 18.8 (3) | 12.5 (2) | 25.0 (4) | 12.5 (2) | 31.3 (5) | 16 | |
| Old | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 25.0 (2) | 12.5 (1) | 62.5 (5) | 8 | |
| Very old | 0.0 (0) | 14.3 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 57.1 (4) | 14.3 (1) | 14.3 (1) | 7 | |
| Total | 0.0% (0) | 5.7% (2) | 0.0% (0) | 8.6% (3) | 5.7% (2) | 34.3% (12) | 14.3% (5) | 31.4% (11) | 35 | |
| Third lactation | Young | 16.7 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 16.7 (1) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 16.7 (1) | 16.7 (1) | 33.3 (2) | 6 |
| Moderate | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 25.0 (3) | 58.3 (7) | 0.0 (0) | 16.7 (2) | 12 | |
| Old | 0.0 (0) | 18.2 (2) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 18.2 (2) | 9.1 (1) | 9.1 (1) | 45.5 (5) | 11 | |
| Very old | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 0.0 (0) | 16.7 (1) | 16.7 (1) | 16.7 (1) | 50.0 (3) | 6 | |
| Total | 2.9% (1) | 5.7% (2) | 2.9% (1) | 0.0% (0) | 17.1% (6) | 28.6% (10) | 8.6% (3) | 34.3% (12) | 35 | |
* Young, < 22.5 months; moderate, 22.5 to < 24.0 months; old, 24.0 to < 25.5 months; very old, ≥ 25.5 months of AFC.