Fig. 3. Abundance, activity, and virus-host assignment of viruses beneath the Ross Ice Shelf.

Phylogenetic tree and taxonomy of all MAGs and SAGs obtained previously from the RIS⁵ is shown in colors. Right panel indicate the abundance and rate of activity by means of metagenomic and metatranscriptomic fragment recruitment of RIS viruses. Size of the sphere is proportional to rate of recruitment (activity and abundance). Top 3 most abundant and active viruses are depicted. Assignment of virus-host was performed by a combination of different methods (see “Methods” section for details), which is indicated attached to the corresponding MAG or SAG. Virus symbol (tip of the capsid or tip of the tail fiber upon position in the tree) attached to the corresponding MAG or SAG indicate that virus-host assignment was successful. Type of virus is indicated only for vSAG-37-F6-like viral group. Abbreviations: auxiliary metabolic gene (AMG), bioinformatic program to identify who is the host (WisH), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). Figure is altered from Martínez-Pérez and colleagues⁵.