Table 3.
Practical usefulness of the instruments described in the studies.
| Perspectives of practical usefulness and the description of usefulness aspects | Instrument | |
| Identifying clients most in need of educational interventions, assistance, and support | ||
| Identifying clients with a low eHLa level [29,39] | CeHLS-Db and eHEALSc | |
| Identifying clients who may be unaware of their need for assistance [44] | DHLId | |
| Identifying clients who are at risk of being marginalized [36] | READHYe | |
| Helping in targeting interventions and additional support for those most in need [40] | DHLSf | |
| Helping in giving appropriate advice on how to evaluate web-based sources [29] | eHEALS | |
| Informing about the need to provide recommendations about reliable sources to avoid getting misleading information [39] | CeHLS-D | |
| Informing about the need to guide clients to reliable web-based sources to reduce their need to evaluate the contents [29] | eHEALS | |
| Directing and recommending the right clients for the right digital services | ||
| Supporting decisions about which clients are eligible to participate and could benefit from particular eHealth interventions or solutions [30,38,42,44] | DHLI, eHLAg, TMTSTh, and eHEALS | |
| Informing about which clients are likely to use digital health in the future [31] | eHEALS | |
| Helping in directing clients to services that match their health attitudes, preferences, and skills [41] | TeHLIi | |
| Helping in directing clients to services that will promote their self-care and well-being [27] | eHEALS | |
| Ensuring that a patient can use digital health | ||
| Helping in ensuring clients’ readiness and ability to use and engage with technology [34,36] | eHLQj and READHY | |
| Informing about how clients identify, judge, and use digital health resources [37] | e-HLSk | |
| Informing about whether the patient’s eHL level enables the use of digital health in self-care after a procedure [28] | eHEALS | |
| Improving the effectiveness and maximizing the provision of digital health | ||
| Helping in making telehealth therapy more effective (for a specific patient group) [42] | TMTST | |
| Maximizing professionals’ ability to provide therapy through telehealth [42] | TMTST | |
| Optimizing the benefits of eHealth with suitable interventions that facilitate the clients’ access, understanding, and use of information [33] | eHEALS | |
| Developing and redesigning systems and services | ||
| Helping to improve the quality and effectiveness of care by designing more adaptive care and health-promoting programs and digital health interventions that better match users’ health needs [34,35,37] | eHLQ and e-HLS | |
| Empowering clients | ||
| Finding ways to better empower clients to take care of their own health with digital resources [26] | eHEALS | |
aeHL: eHealth literacy.
bCeHLS-D: Condition-Specific eHealth Literacy Scale for Diabetes.
ceHEALS: eHealth Literacy Scale.
dDHLI: Digital Health Literacy Instrument.
eREADHY: Readiness and Enablement Index for Health Technology.
fDHLS: Digital Health Care Literacy Scale.
geHLA: eHealth Literacy Assessment Toolkit.
hTMTST: Telehealth Music Therapy Screening Tool.
iTeHLI: Transactional eHealth Literacy Instrument.
jeHLQ: eHealth Literacy Questionnaire.
ke-HLS: Electronic Health Literacy Scale.