Table 2.
Characteristics of the studies included in this meta-analysis
| First author and | Previous urate | Renal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| publication year | Group | Intervention | lowering therapy | impairment | Race | Coexisting conditions |
| Becker 2005 [18] | Febuxostat | Febuxostat 80 mg/d | 112 | 90 | White 193; Black 24; Hispanic 22; Asian 10; Other 7 | Hypercholesterolemia 19; Hyperlipidemia 90; Hypertension 106; Obesity 166; Urolithiasis 49; Metabolic syndrome 19 |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | 113 | 81 | White 195; Black 18; Hispanic 19; Asian 6; Other 15 | Hypercholesterolemia 19; Hyperlipidemia 90; Hypertension 106; Obesity 166; Urolithiasis 49; Metabolic syndrome 19 | |
| Becker 2009 [19] | Febuxostat | Febuxostat 80 mg/d | Na | 13 | Asian 19; Black or African American 51; White 519; Hispanic or Latino 40; Other 20 | Cardiovascular disease 71; Congestive heart failure 11; Diabetes 46; Hypercholesterolemia 48; Hyperlipidemia 229; Hypertension 295 |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | Na | 1 | Asian 5; Black or African American 15; White 110; Hispanic or Latino 11; Other 4 | Cardiovascular disease14; Congestive heart failure 0; Diabetes 12; Hypercholesterolemia 9; Hyperlipidemia 47; Hypertension 73 | |
| Becker 2010 [20] | Febuxostat | Febuxostat 40 mg/d | Na | 479 |
American Indian or Alaska Native 6; Asian 26; Black or African American 83; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 11; White 620; Other 11 |
Cardiovascular Disease 421; Diabetes 89; Hypercholesterolemia 52; Hyperlipidemia 299 |
| Febuxostat 80 mg/d | Na | 503 |
American Indian or Alaska Native 10; Asian 25; Black or African American 78; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 10; White 618; Other 15 |
Cardiovascular Disease 440; Diabetes113; Hypercholesterolemia 53; Hyperlipidemia308 | ||
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 200/300 mg/d | Na | 501 |
American Indian or Alaska Native 6; Asian 37; Black or African American 67; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 11; White 625; Other 8 |
Cardiovascular Disease 436; Diabetes110; Hypercholesterolemia 57; Hyperlipidemia 335 | |
| Huang 2014 [21] | Febuxostat | Febuxostat 40 mg/d | Na | 4 | NA | Hypertension 54; Hyperlipidemia 6; Endocrine system, including diabetes 14; Hyperthyroidism 3; Digestive system 8; Cardiovascular disease 57 |
| Febuxostat 80 mg/d | Na | 5 | NA |
Hypertension 45; Hyperlipidemia 5; Endocrine system, including diabetes 9; Hyperthyroidism 0; Digestive system 7; Cardiovascular disease 47 |
||
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | Na | 6 | NA |
Hypertension 44; Hyperlipidemia 2; Endocrine system, including diabetes 10; Hyperthyroidism 4; Digestive system 14; Cardiovascular disease 45 |
|
|
Kamatani 2011 [22] |
Febuxostat | Febuxostat 40 mg/d | 8 | 0 | NA | Hypertension 6; Hyperlipidemia 2; Diabetes 1; Hepatic disease 1 |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | 17 | 0 | NA | Hypertension 7; Hyperlipidemia 9; Diabetes 1; Hepatic disease 0 | |
|
Mackenzie 2020 [23] |
Febuxostat | Febuxostat 80 mg/d | Na | 504 | White 3034; Asian 11; Afro-Caribbean 10; Oriental 2; Other 6 | Cardiovascular history 5339; Asthma 334; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 211; Diabetes 661 |
| Allopurinol |
Allopurinol 200/300 mg/d |
Na | 483 | White 3036; Asian 14; Afro-Caribbean 8; Oriental 1; Other 6 | Cardiovascular history 5418; Asthma 358; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 228; Diabetes 719 | |
|
Nakagomi 2015 [24] |
Febuxostat | Febuxostat 40 mg/d | NA | NA | NA | Ischemic cardiomyopathy 20; Dilated cardiomyopathy 11; Hypertension 27; Diabetes 9; Dyslipidemia 30 |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | NA | NA | NA | Ischemic cardiomyopathy 24; Dilated cardiomyopathy 6; Hypertension 30; Diabetes 12; Dyslipidemia 29 | |
|
Schumacher 2008 [25] |
Febuxostat | Febuxostat 80 mg/d | NA | 9 | White 200; Minority 67 | Hypercholesterolemia 12; Hyperlipidemia 90; Hypertension 124; Cardiovascular disease 38 |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | NA | 10 | White 206; Minority 62 | Hypercholesterolemia 16; Hyperlipidemia 76; Hypertension 123; Cardiovascular disease 27 | |
| Xu 2015 [26] | Febuxostat | Febuxostat 40 mg/d | 87 | NA | NA | Hypertension 20; Diabetes 10; Hyperlipidemia 15; Cardiovascular disease 4 |
| Febuxostat 80 mg/d | 79 | NA | NA | Hypertension 32; Diabetes 5; Hyperlipidemia 13; Cardiovascular disease 2 | ||
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | 83 | NA | NA | Hypertension 22; Diabetes 9; Hyperlipidemia 11; Cardiovascular disease 4 | |
| Yu 2016 [27] | Febuxostat | Febuxostat 80 mg/d | 13 | NA | NA | Na |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | 16 | NA | NA | NA | |
| Zhang 2019 [28] | Febuxostat | Febuxostat 40 mg/d | Na | Na | Na | Na |
| Febuxostat 80 mg/d | Na | Na | Na | Na | ||
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol 300 mg/d | Na | Na | Na | Na |
Na, not available