Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population
| Parameters | Total n=638 | AF Recurrence (+) n =175 | AF Recurrence (-) n =463 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years | 65.8±10.5 | 66.3±10.4 | 65.5±10.5 | 0.398 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 332 (52.0) | 109 (62.3) | 223 (48.2) | 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.8±3.2 | 25.0±3.4 | 24.7±3.1 | 0.280 |
| Non-paroxysmal AF, n (%) | 336 (52.7) | 114 (65.1) | 222 (47.9) | <0.001 |
| Current Smoking, n (%) | 101 (15.8) | 22 (12.6) | 79 (17.1) | 0.166 |
| Previous medical history | ||||
| AF duration, months | 12 (3, 48) | 24 (6, 72) | 12 (3, 42) | 0.002 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 349 (54.7) | 94 (53.7) | 255 (55.1) | 0.758 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 134 (21.0) | 38 (21.7) | 96 (20.7) | 0.786 |
| CHD, n (%) | 71 (11.1) | 17 (9.7) | 54 (11.7) | 0.485 |
| CHF, n (%) | 132 (20.7) | 45 (25.7) | 87 (18.8) | 0.054 |
| Previous stroke, n (%) | 34 (5.3) | 15 (8.6) | 19 (4.1) | 0.025 |
| PAD, n (%) | 23 (3.6)) | 11 (6.3) | 12 (2.6) | 0.026 |
| COPD, n (%) | 28 (4.4) | 6 (3.4) | 22 (4.8) | 0.467 |
| Laboratory data at admission | ||||
| SBP, mmHg | 126±17 | 126±18 | 126±17 | 0.967 |
| HR, bpm | 77±19 | 79±19 | 76±18 | 0.187 |
| FBG, mmol/L | 5.5±1.3 | 5.6±1.4 | 5.5±1.3 | 0.655 |
| Homocysteine, umol/L | 13.8±7.3 | 13.7±6.1 | 13.8±7.7 | 0.884 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 139 (63, 281) | 157 (83, 299) | 130 (54, 276) | 0.009 |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73m2 | 84.9±19.7 | 79.6±20.1 | 86.9±19.1 | <0.001 |
| Alb, g/L | 39.9±4.0 | 39.8±3.7 | 39.9±4.1 | 0.694 |
| BUA, umol/L | 368±103 | 368±102 | 368±103 | 0.964 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.2±1.1 | 4.1±0.9 | 4.2±1.1 | 0.224 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.5±0.9 | 1.5±0.9 | 1.5±0.9 | 0.659 |
| Platelet, ×10^9/L | 159±55 | 162±52 | 158±56 | 0.463 |
| Lymphocyte, ×10^9/L | 1.7±0.6 | 1.57±0.63 | 1.75±0.58 | 0.001 |
| Imaging | ||||
| LAD, mm | 41.8±5.4 | 44.1±5.1 | 40.9±5.2 | <0.001 |
| LVEDd, mm | 46.0±4.9 | 45.6±4.5 | 46.1±5.1 | 0.270 |
| LVEF, % | 59.0±5.9 | 58.7±5.4 | 59.0±6.1 | 0.576 |
| Discharge medicine | ||||
| Anticoagulant drugs, n (%) | 624 (97.8) | 171 (97.7) | 453 (97.8) | 1.000 |
| Antiarrhythmic drugs, n (%) | 555 (87.0) | 144 (82.3) | 411 (88.8) | 0.030 |
| Perioperative complications, n (%) | 53 (8.3) | 18 (10.3) | 35 (7.6) | 0.266 |
| PLR | 104±52 | 120±71 | 98±41 | <0.001 |
| CHA2DS2‑VASc score | 2.45±1.55 | 2.74±1.70 | 2.33±1.48 | 0.003 |
| APPLE score | 1.61±1.10 | 2.02±1.01 | 1.45±1.09 | <0.001 |
Notes: Data are presented as the mean±SD, median (IQR), or n (%). CHA2DS2-VASc score was based on congestive heart failure, hypertension, age≧75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, and sex category; APPLE score was based on 5 variables: 1 point each for age >65 years, persistent AF, eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m², left atrial diameter ≥43 mm, and left ventricular ejection fraction <50%.
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; CHF, chronic heart failure; PAD, peripheral artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; FBG, fasting blood-glucose; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; eGFR, Estimated glomerular filtration rate; BUA, blood uric acid; Alb, albumin; LAD, left atrial diameter; LVED, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PLR, platelet to lymphocyte rateo.