. 2023 Aug 8;37(1):1–14. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpad073

Table 1.

Number of events of comparable RCTs on HFpEF and HFrEF

Drug classes, study acronyms, and references	HFpEF		HFrEF
Drug classes, study acronyms, and references	No. events placebo group (n)/size placebo group (n)	Duration of follow-up (mo)	No. events placebo group (n)/size placebo group (n)	Duration of follow-up (mo)
ARB CHARM-Preserved⁹ vs. CHARM-Alternative¹⁰	366/1,509	36.6	406/1,015	33.7
ACEi ^a PEP-CHF¹¹ vs. SOLVD⁵	65/426	26.2	736/1,284	41.4
MRA TOPCAT¹² vs. RALES¹³	351/1,723	21.6	324 cardiac deaths and 336 hospitalized patients (753 events)/841	24
ARNI ^b PARAGON¹⁴ vs. PARADIGM¹⁵	1,009/2,389	35	1,117/4,212	27
SGLT2I EMPEROR Preserved¹⁶ vs. EMPEROR Reduced¹⁷	511/2,991	26.6	462/1,867	16

Abbreviations: ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ARNI, angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor; CHARM, Candesartan in Heart Failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity; EMPEROR, Empagliflozin in Heart Failure; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; PEP-CHF, Perindopril vs. Placebo in Congestive Heart Disease; RALES, Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study, and drug classes; SGLT2I, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor; SOLVD, Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction; TOPCAT, Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist.

^aNot the same ACEI (perindopril and enalapril).

^bPARADIGM¹² used enalapril as comparator and PARAGON¹⁶ used valsartan.