Table 2.
Characteristics of randomized clinical trials of drug treatment in patients with HFpEF
| Characteristics | CHARM (2003) |
PEP-CHF (2006) |
I-PRESERVE (2008) |
TOPCAT (2014) |
PARAGON (2019) |
EMPEROR PRESERVED (2021) |
DELIVER (2022) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 67 ± 11 | 75 | 72 ± 7 | 68.7 | 72 ± 8 | 71 ± 9 | 71 ± 9 | |
| Women (%) | 40 | 55.5 | 60 | 51.5 | 52 | 45 | 43 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.3 ± 5.9 | 27.5 (25.1–30.0) | 29.7 ± 5.3 | 31 (27–36) | 30.2 ± 4.9 | 29.8 ± 5.8 | 29.8 ± 6.1 | |
| LVEF (%) | 41–49 (35%) 50–59 (35%) |
64.5 | 59.5 | 56 | 57.5 | 54.3 | 54 ± 8 | |
| NYHA (%) | I | – | 75.5 | – | 3 | 3 | 0.1 | – |
| II | 61 | 21.5 | 63 | 77 | 81.5 | 75.2 | ||
| III | 38 | 24.5 | 76.5 | 32.5 | 19.5 | 18 | 24.4 | |
| IV | 1.5 | 3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||
| NTproBNP (pg/ml) | – | 335–453 | 320–360 | 887–1,017 | 910 | 970 | 1,387–1,408/704–729 | |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 136 | 139 | 136 | 130 | 131 | 131 ± 15.5 | 125 ± 15 | |
| Comorbidity (%) | AF | 29 | 21 | 29 | 32–51 | 33 | 51 | 56–57 |
| DM | 28 | 20.5 | 27.5 | 13–34 | 43 | 49 | 44.8 | |
| HT | 64 | 79 | 88.5 | 95 | 95 | 90 | 88.6 | |
| MI | 44 | 26 | 23 | 22–40 | 22.5 | – | – | |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; BP, blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; HT, hypertension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; NTproBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association. Study acronyms are defined in the footnotes in Table 1 and Figure 1.