Table 5.
South Africa participant demographics—composition of the aggregated conventional modality survey (CMS) sample and the app-based sample (respondents from unknown locales across South Africa) compared with the 2016 national Demographic and Health Survey (DHS).
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Aggregated CMS sample (total n=2523), n (%) | App-based sample (total n=879), n (%) | South Africa DHS 2016 (table 3.1), % of sample (weighted %)a | |
| Age (years) | ||||
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18-19 | 75 (3) | 209 (23.8)b | 3.4 (4.3) |
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20-24 | 559 (22.2) | 303 (34.5)b | 16.6 (21.2) |
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25-29 | 687 (27.2)b | 179 (20.4) | 17 (21.7) |
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30-34 | 566 (22.4) | 110 (12.5)c | 15.7 (20) |
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35-45 | 636 (25.2)c | 78 (8.9)c | 25.7 (32.8) |
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Median (1st quartile-3rd quartile) | 29.0 (24-35) | 23.0 (20-28) | —d |
| Educational level | ||||
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No formal education | 39 (1.5) | 0 (0)c | 2 |
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Primary education | 67 (2.7)c | 9 (1)c | 9.1 |
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Secondary (high school) | 2184 (86.6)b | 340 (38.7)c | 77.1 |
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Tertiary (college or above) | 233 (9.2) | 527 (60)b | 11.8 |
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No answer | 0 (0) | 3 (0.3) | 0 |
| Locale | ||||
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Rural | 1081 (42.8)b | 54 (6.1)c | 32.7 (“not urban”) |
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Suburban | 0 (0) | 453 (51.5)b | Not included |
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Urban | 1442 (57.2)c | 369 (42)c | 67.3 |
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No answer | 0 (0) | 3 (0.3) | — |
| Relationship status | ||||
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Never married | 1648 (65.3)b | 662 (75.3)b | 58.5 |
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“Living together” | Not included | Not included | 12.5 |
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Married or engaged | 779 (30.9)b | 192 (21.8) | 23.3 |
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Divorced or separated or widowed | 96 (3.8) | 20 (2.3) | 5.6 |
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No answer | 0 (0) | 5 (0.6) | — |
| Population group | ||||
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Black African | 2301 (91.2) | 254 (28.9)c | 86.8 |
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Colored | 128 (5.1) | 97 (11) | 8.6 |
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Indian or Asian | 38 (1.5) | 47 (5.3) | 1.5 |
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White | 51 (2) | 484 (55.1)b | 3.1 |
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Other or no answer | 6 (0.2) | 34 (3.9) | 0.1 |
aPercentage of those aged 15-49 years (weighted to match this study's age categories).
bOverrepresentation compared with benchmark.
cUnderrepresentation compared with benchmark.
dNot available.