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. 2023 Dec 16;23:299. doi: 10.1186/s12874-023-02119-9

Table 2.

Coefficients derived from the Better-Worse and Drop-Down methods (N = 1389)

Item levels Better-Worse Drop-Down
Coefficient SE P Coefficient SE P
Mobility (2) ˗1.39 0.80 0.081 ˗3.09 0.17  < 0.001
Mobility (3) ˗2.79 1.60 0.080 ˗8.65 0.26  < 0.001
Mobility (4) ˗3.93 2.40 0.102 ˗15.14 0.48  < 0.001
Vision (2) ˗1.29 0.80 0.106 ˗3.15 0.18  < 0.001
Vision (3) ˗2.20 1.60 0.169 ˗8.38 0.27  < 0.001
Vision (4) ˗3.83 2.40 0.116 ˗14.67 0.58  < 0.001
Hearing (2) ˗1.02 0.80 0.199 ˗3.49 0.14  < 0.001
Hearing (3) ˗2.20 1.60 0.167 ˗8.78 0.23  < 0.001
Hearing (4) ˗4.31 2.40 0.073 ˗15.20 0.47  < 0.001
Cognition (2) ˗1.78 0.80 0.026 ˗3.25 0.22  < 0.001
Cognition (3) ˗2.95 1.60 0.066 ˗8.55 0.34  < 0.001
Cognition (4) ˗4.15 2.42 0.087 ˗14.31 1.23  < 0.001
Mood (2) ˗1.28 0.80 0.109 ˗3.47 0.14  < 0.001
Mood (3) ˗2.40 1.60 0.132 ˗8.12 0.23  < 0.001
Mood (4) ˗3.82 2.40 0.110 ˗13.50 0.40  < 0.001
Anxiety (2) ˗0.82 0.80 0.307 ˗3.17 0.13  < 0.001
Anxiety (3) ˗1.87 1.59 0.241 ˗7.69 0.21  < 0.001
Anxiety (4) ˗3.32 2.40 0.165 ˗13.44 0.32  < 0.001
Pain (2) ˗0.54 0.80 0.498 ˗3.33 0.13  < 0.001
Pain (3) ˗1.64 1.59 0.302 ˗7.91 0.21  < 0.001
Pain (4) ˗3.22 2.39 0.178 ˗13.82 0.32  < 0.001
Fatigue (2) ˗0.69 0.80 0.388 ˗3.41 0.12  < 0.001
Fatigue (3) ˗1.85 1.59 0.245 ˗7.92 0.20  < 0.001
Fatigue (4) ˗2.78 2.39 0.244 ˗13.03 0.32  < 0.001
Social function (2) ˗1.36 0.80 0.089 ˗3.37 0.15  < 0.001
Social function (3) ˗2.48 1.60 0.119 ˗7.68 0.24  < 0.001
Social function (4) -3.50 2.39 0.143 ˗13.09 0.44  < 0.001
Daily activities (2) ˗1.45 0.80 0.069 ˗3.41 0.14  < 0.001
Daily activities (3) ˗2.42 1.60 0.128 ˗7.60 0.24  < 0.001
Daily activities (4) ˗3.62 2.40 0.131 ˗11.92 0.52  < 0.001
Self-esteem (2) ˗0.54 0.80 0.502 ˗3.74 0.15  < 0.001
Self-esteem (3) ˗1.85 1.60 0.246 ˗7.24 0.23  < 0.001
Self-esteem (4) ˗3.21 2.39 0.180 ˗12.41 0.34  < 0.001
Independence (2) ˗1.45 0.80 0.069 ˗3.80 0.18  < 0.001
Independence (3) ˗2.49 1.60 0.118 ˗8.14 0.30  < 0.001
Independence (4) ˗3.92 2.39 0.101 ˗12.62 0.62  < 0.001

SE Standard error