Table 3.

Summary of factors acting as barriers and facilitators of CO in adolescents and youth

Factors	Barriers of CO	Facilitators of CO
Personal	Rejection of CO by best friend Younger age Maternal Negative reaction Negative family environment Bisexual cis-gender females Less parental education Rigid family systems Close ties to family Anticipated disintegration of long-standing family traditions Peer victimization Experience of discrimination and violence	Acceptance of CO by best friend Self-disclosure of LGBTQ+ status by best friend Older age Closeness to mothers/unhindered positive regard from family Cohesive and adaptable family High parental education Extended family members of LGBTQ+Presence of diagonal relationships Positive first experience of disclosure Parents aiding gender affirmation Presence of a romantic partner
Sociocultural	Right wing/High political conservatism Catholicism/High religiosity Rigid Queer communities Education/career/financial instability The intersection of race, religion, and sexual Identity The heteronormative approach in sexual health programs High treatment costs for psychological support Lack of parental support to reach out to professional support	Internet/New Media access with anonymity Presence of real-life role models (online/offline) Left Wing/Less political conservatism Less religious Presence of an open Queer community Career/education/financial stability School policies welcoming CO Sexual Health programs inclusive of LGBTQ+
Psychological	Internalised Sexual Stigma Less affirmed concrete sexual Identity Lack of right language/verbal capacity in one's mother tongue to communicate the full meaning of one's sexual Identity Unclear sexual identity and integration trajectory Anticipated discrimination	Coming out initially with affinity Higher mental resilience Self-acceptance Clear sexual Identity Readiness to deal with the consequences of CO Fusion of dual lives of sexual Identity and culture