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. 2023 Dec 12;16:5011–5021. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S438998

Table 3.

The Moderated Mediation Model

Model/Effect β S.E. t p LLCI ULCI
Model for predicting SEC
Constant 0.001 0.008 0.124 0.902 −0.016 0.018
PD 0.221 0.009 25.754 0.000 0.204 0.238
TCB 0.591 0.008 69.593 0.000 0.574 0.607
PD × TCB 0.016 0.008 1.947 0.052 0.000 0.033
Model for predicting AE
Constant −0.018 0.009 −2.127 0.033 −0.035 −0.001
PD 0.007 0.008 0.861 0.389 −0.009 0.023
TCB 0.243 0.012 20.546 0.000 0.528 0.566
PD × TCB −0.062 0.008 −7.782 0.000 −0.078 −0.047
SEC 0.547 0.010 55.402 0.000 0.219 0.266
SEC × TCB 0.025 0.006 4.179 0.000 0.013 0.036
Conditional effect analysis (direct)
M −1SD 0.069 0.012 5.649 0.000 0.045 0.093
M +1SD −0.033 0.009 −3.640 0.000 −0.050 −0.015
Conditional effect analysis (indirect)
M −1SD 0.522 0.012 44.958 0.000 0.050 0.545
M +1SD 0.563 0.010 53.789 0.000 0.542 0.583

Note: N = 8625.

Abbreviations: PD, Psychological Distress; AE, Academic Engagement; SEC, Social-Emotional Competence; TCB, Teachers’ Caring Behavior.