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. 2023 Dec 12;18:2971–2983. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S436879

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The deaths number (A), DALYs number (B), ASMR per 100,000 population (C), ASDR per 100,000 population (D) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributable to occupational particulate matter, gases, and fumes by sex, 1990–2019.

Abbreviations: ASMR, age-standardised mortality rate; ASDR, age-standardised DALYs rate; DALYs, disability-adjusted life years.