Table 1.
Characteristics of the study cohort, n = 100.
| Maternal characteristics (n = 100) | N (%) |
|---|---|
| Maternal history | |
| Preterm labor | 49 (49) |
| Severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia | 21 (21) |
| Antepartum haemorrhage | 10 (10) |
| Antenatal Doppler changes | 16 (16) |
| Severe oligo/anhydramnios | 2 (2) |
| Fetal bradycardia | 1 (1) |
| Scar tenderness | 1 (1) |
| Antenatal steroid course | |
| Complete | 42 (42) |
| Incomplete | 58 (58) |
| Mode of delivery | |
| Caesarean section | 77 (77) |
| Vaginal delivery | 23 (23) |
| Neonatal characteristics (n = 100) | N (%) |
| Male | 50 (50) |
| Inborn | 80 (80) |
| Gestational age (weeks) | |
| <28 | 9 (9) |
| 28–31 + 6 | 48 (48) |
| 32–33 + 6 | 43 (43) |
| Birth weight (g) | |
| <1,000 | 16 (16) |
| 1,000–1,499 | 45 (45) |
| ≥1,500 | 39 (39) |
| Small for gestational age | 21 (21) |
| Hours of life at enrolment | |
| <3 | 86 (86) |
| ≥3 | 14 (14) |
| Resuscitation at birth | |
| No resuscitation | 46 (46) |
| Physical stimulation | 5 (5) |
| Positive pressure ventilation | 29 (29) |
| Delivery room intubation | 18 (18) |
| Chest compressions | 2 (2) |
| Medications | – |
| Respiratory pathology | |
| Respiratory distress syndrome | 58 (58) |
| Congenital pneumonia | 30 (30) |
| Transient tachypnea of the newborn | 12 (12) |
| Surfactant therapy | 40 (40) |
| Number of doses of surfactant required | |
| 1 | 17 (43) |
| 2 | 23 (58) |
| Type of surfactant used | |
| Beractant | 22 (55) |
| Poractant alfa | 18 (45) |
| LUS, median (IQR) | |
| 1st dose of surfactant | 6 (5–12) |
| 2nd dose of surfactant | 8.5 (6–10.5) |
| SpO2/FiO2 ratio, median (IQR) | |
| 1st dose of surfactant | 3.7 (2.3–4.5) |
| 2nd dose of surfactant | 4.5 (2.8–4.6) |
| a/A ratio, median (IQR) | |
| 1st dose of surfactant | 0.42 (0.28–0.55) |
| 2nd dose of surfactant | 0.345 (0.275–0.38) |
| Median LUS as per respiratory pathology | |
| Respiratory distress syndrome | 10 (5–12) |
| Congenital pneumonia | 7 (5.5–12) |
| Transient tachypnea of the newborn | 5 (4–6) |
LUS, lung ultrasound score; SpO2/FiO2, oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio; a/A, arterial/Alveolar oxygen pressure.