Table 1.
Characteristics of meta-analysis included studies.
| Author | Year | Country | Study design | No. of patients | Arm1 | Arm2 | N1 | N2 | F1 | F2 | Age1 | Age2 | Arm1 Extent of surgery | Arm2 Extent of surgery | Follow up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jong-hyuk Ahn ( 8) | 2020 | South Korea | R | 275 | OA | COT | 150 | 125 | 145/150 | 89/125 | 43.06 ± 10.90 | 51.02 ± 12.42 | Lob:110;TT:40 | Lob:40;TT:85 | median105(6-926) |
| Bian Cong ( 9) | 2018 | China | R | 60 | OA | COT | 30 | 30 | 29/30 | 30/30 | 26.50 ± 6.94 | 27.75 ± 6.94 | N | N | N |
| Min Ji Cho ( 10) | 2015 | South Korea | R | 94 | BABA | COT | 49 | 45 | 47/49 | 36/45 | 39.39 ± 8.9 | 49.44 ± 12.3 | Lob ± CND:16/21(76.2%);TT ± CND:33/73(45.2%) | Lob ± CND:5/21(23.8%);TT ± CND:40/74(54.8%) | 1,447.73 ± 42.58 |
| Yoo Seung Chung ( 11) | 2007 | South Korea | R | 301 | BABA | COT | 103 | 198 | 102/103 | 173/198 | 38.2 ± 8.2 | 47.2 ± 10.2 | Lob:7;subTT:8;TT:88 | Lob:12;subTT:14;TT:172 | N |
| Hengyuan Gao ( 12) | 2019 | China | R | 102 | CBA | COT | 53 | 49 | 43/53 | 23/49 | 39.5 ± 11.6 | 46.5 ± 13.6 | N | N | N |
| Gong Yi ( 13) | 2019 | China | R | 117 | CBA | COT | 72 | 45 | 50/72 | 21/45 | 36.4 ± 12.7 | 36.2 ± 11.6 | N | N | 20.6 ± 5.3 |
| Fangdong Guo ( 14) | 2020 | China | R | 80 | OA | CBA | 40 | 40 | 40/40 | 40/40 | 29.8 ± 0.96 | 33.75 ± 1.19 | N | N | N |
| Youming Guo ( 15) | 2018 | China | R | 38 | CBA | COT | 18 | 20 | 16/18 | 20/20 | 38.7 ± 11.8 | 43.0 ± 9.0 | N | N | 6 months |
| Hyun Jun Hong ( 16) | 2011 | South Korea | R | 117 | GUA | COT | 57 | 60 | 51/57 | 49/60 | 39.6 ± 7.88 | 41.77 ± 9.61 | HT | HT | N |
| Nitish Gupta ( 17) | 2020 | India | R | 161 | BABA | COT | 40 | 121 | 37/40 | 108/60 | 38.69 ± 5.27 | 41.63 ± 6.20 | TT;TT+CND | TT;TT+CND | >6 months |
| Jian kang Huang ( 18) | 2016 | China | P | 198 | GUA | COT | 75 | 123 | 59/75 | 92/123 | 37.8 ± 10.6 | 39.2 ± 11.3 | N | N | 52.4 ± 17.3 |
| Im Hyung-Jun ( 19) | 2012 | South Korea | R | 46 | BABA | COT | 25 | 21 | 25/25 | 17/21 | 40.8 ± 7.2 | 49.7 ± 6.9 | N | N | N |
| Jong Ju Jeong ( 20) | 2009 | South Korea | R | 449 | GUA | COT | 275 | 224 | 268/275 | 189/224 | 39.6 ± 8.8 | 49.5 ± 10.2 | Lob:72;TT:203 | Lob:9;TT:215 | 18.4(4-37) |
| Eun Young Kim ( 21) | 2017 | South Korea | R | 738 | GUA | COT | 200 | 538 | 192/200 | 400/538 | 39.5 ± 0.8 | 48.9 ± 0.5 | TT | TT | N |
| Seon Kwang Kim ( 22) | 2015 | South Korea | R | 1003 | ABBA | COT | 173 | 830 | 160/173 | 734/173 | 37.95 ± 11.55 | 50.02 ± 19.34 | Lob:116;subTT:1;TT:56 | Lob:141;subTT:5;TT:684 | 69(52-77) |
| Yoon Woo Koh ( 23) | 2009 | South Korea | R | 59 | GUA | COT | 29 | 30 | 26/29 | 24/30 | 36.5 ± 5.1 | 38.3 ± 4.5 | HT+CND | HT+CND | minimun 18months |
| Wan Wook Kim ( 24) | 2011 | South Korea | R | 228 | BABA | COT | 95 | 138 | 93/95 | 104/138 | 39.9 ± 9.1 | 51.8 ± 8.9 | TT+CND | TT+CND | N |
| Hayemin Lee ( 25) | 2012 | South Korea | R | 78 | UABA | COT | 37 | 41 | 37/37 | 38/41 | 42.3 ± 7.6 | 49.0 ± 10.8 | Lob | Lob | 54.3 |
| Hongqiang Li ( 26) | 2018 | China | R | 98 | CBA | COT | 46 | 52 | 35/46 | 38/52 | 37.0 ± 10.0 | 37.5 ± 11.0 | HT:16;TT:30 | HT:21;TT:31 | N |
| Tingting Li ( 27) | 2022 | China | P | 172 | GUA | COT | 73 | 99 | 54/73 | 61/99 | 36.63 ± 7.48 | 38.91 ± 8.36 | Lob+CND | Lob+CND | 12months |
| Peiliang Lin ( 28) | 2020 | China | R | 91 | ACA | COT | 31 | 60 | 20/31 | 33/60 | 34.5 ± 10.98 | 44.75 ± 15.88 | TT;subTT | TT;subTT | 48 (19-76) |
| Zhaodi Liu ( 29) | 2020 | China | R | 135 | OA | COT | 59 | 76 | 49/59 | 47/76 | 30.4 ± 7.4 | 42.3 ± 8.6 | Lob+CND:50;TT+CND:9 | Lob+CND:30;TT+CND:46 | 32(15-36) |
| Zhaodi Liu ( 29) | 2020 | China | R | 102 | CBA | COT | 43 | 76 | 38/43 | 47/76 | 32.0 ± 7.9 | 42.3 ± 8.6 | Lob+CND:30;TT+CND:13 | Lob+CND:30;TT+CND:46 | 32(15-36) |
| Zhaodi Liu ( 30) | 2021 | China | R | 156 | OA | COT | 78 | 78 | 63/78 | 61/78 | 29.25 ± 2.04 | 31 ± 3.48 | HT:57;TT:21 | HT:54;TT:24 | 25 (19-34) |
| KangNan Mo ( 31) | 2018 | China | R | 55 | UABA | CBA | 22 | 33 | 21/22 | 32/33 | 31.7 ± 8.7 | 33.1 ± 7.8 | HT:20;TT:2 | HT:26;TT:7 | N |
| Ki Nam Park ( 32) | 2015 | South Korea | P | 152 | GUA | COT | 50 | 102 | 46/50 | 88/102 | 38.0 ± 9.4 | 50.8 ± 11.5 | TT | TT | 1year |
| Rui Qu ( 33) | 2018 | China | R | 76 | CBA | COT | 40 | 36 | 31/40 | 22/36 | 36.7 ± 10.0 | 43.2 ± 14.3 | TT ± CND | TT ± CND | N |
| Yanqing Qu ( 34) | 2021 | China | R | 134 | CBA | COT | 68 | 68 | 46/68 | 51/68 | 44.34 ± 9.82 | 45.56 ± 8.91 | HT:37;TT:30 | HT:34;TT:33 | 36.4 ± 6.3 |
| Xiaoting Ren ( 35) | 2017 | China | R | 55 | CBA | COT | 20 | 35 | 20/20 | 35/35 | 36.05 ± 7.54 | 36.06 ± 5.65 | Lob+CND | Lob+CND | N |
| Luyi Si ( 36) | 2022 | China | R | 62 | CBA | UABA | 26 | 36 | 18/26 | 33/36 | 34.00 ± 8.19 | 35.69 ± 7.66 | HT+CND | HT+CND | N |
| Haiqing Sun ( 4) | 2022 | China | P | 92 | OA | COT | 28 | 56 | 27/28 | 54/56 | 36.57 ± 8.03 | 39.66 ± 8.67 | TT+CND | TT+CND | 16(3-54) |
| Haiqing Sun ( 37) | 2020 | China | R | 389 | OA | COT | 100 | 289 | 86/100 | 165/289 | 29.65 ± 6.57 | 45.18 ± 11.47 | HT+CND | HT+CND | 9(4-21) |
| Haiqing Sun ( 37) | 2020 | China | R | 408 | CBA | COT | 119 | 289 | 103/119 | 165/289 | 34.59 ± 7.69 | 45.18 ± 11.47 | HT+CND | HT+CND | 9(4-21) |
| Peng Sun ( 38) | 2022 | China | R | 590 | CBA | COT | 323 | 267 | 248/323 | 207/267 | 36.5 ± 10.7 | 45.6 ± 11.7 | Lob+CND:172;TT+CND:151 | Lob+CND:147;TT+CND:120 | 48.5 ± 14.4 |
| Kyung Tae ( 39) | 2011 | South Korea | R | 67 | GUA | COT | 31 | 36 | 30/31 | 25/36 | 36.2 ± 9.9 | 44.6 ± 11.8 | HT:28;TT:3 | HT:36 | 36 ± 13 |
| Zhuo Tan ( 40) | 2015 | China | R | 64 | CBA | COT | 34 | 30 | 32/34 | 26/30 | 30 ± 8.09 | 46.75 ± 14.73 | HT+CND | HT+CND | N |
| Denghuan Wang ( 41) | 2022 | China | P | 40 | OA | COT | 20 | 20 | 14/20 | 14/20 | 33.2 ± 18.9 | 32.8 ± 19.1 | HT+CND | HT+CND | N |
| Tiantian Wang ( 42) | 2020 | China | P | 160 | OA | COT | 80 | 80 | 80/80 | 80/80 | 31.48 ± 6.60 | 32.59 ± 5.18 | N | N | 22(12-33) |
| Dapeng Xiang ( 43) | 2020 | China | R | 96 | CBA | COT | 49 | 47 | 49/49 | 41/47 | 34.2 ± 7 | 46.9 ± 13.3 | TT ± CNDTT+CND:43;TT+CND+CND:6 | TT+CND:30;TT+CND:17 | N |
| Yang Yu ( 44) | 2020 | China | R | 197 | ACA | COT | 85 | 112 | 72/85 | 74/112 | 38.15 ± 11.72 | 47.79 ± 10.51 | HT:47;TT:38 | HT:63;TT:49 | N |
| Yuquan Yuan ( 45) | 2022 | China | R | 136 | CBA | COT | 63 | 73 | N | N | 32.51 ± 6.03 | 36.00 ± 8.01 | HT+CND | HT+CND | N |
| Daqi Zhang ( 46) | 2019 | China | R | 400 | CBA | COT | 200 | 200 | 183/200 | 170/200 | 31.46 ± 7.75 | 37.28 ± 6.22 | HT+CND;TT+CND | HT+CND;TT+CND | 54 ± 3.4 |
| Weidong Zhang ( 47) | 2021 | China | R | 95 | OA | CBA | 45 | 50 | 36/45 | 50/50 | 33.44 ± 6.87 | 34.44 ± 7.65 | HT+CND | HT+CND | N |
| Xing Zhang ( 48) | 2023 | China | R | 545 | CBA | GUA | 263 | 282 | 233/263 | 262/282 | 42.2 ± 9.1 | 40.9 ± 7.7 | HT+CND | HT+CND | 21.2 ± 19.0 |
| Chuanming Zheng ( 49) | 2018 | China | R | 22 | GUA | COT | 11 | 11 | 10/11 | 10/11 | 35.6 ± 2.6 | 48.5 ± 2.3 | HT+CND | HT+CND | N |
| Qunzai Zhao ( 50) | 2018 | China | R | 306 | CBA | COT | 48 | 258 | 46/48 | 182/258 | 36.5 ± 8.5 | 47.1 ± 12.6 | TT+CND | TT+CND | 40.8 ± 4.7 |
TT, Total thyroidectomy; HT, hemithyroidectomy; subTT, subtotal thyroidectomy; Lob, lobectomy; CND, central neck lymph node dissection; GUA, gasless unilateral transaxillary approach; BABA=bilateral axillo-breast approach; ABBA, axillo-bilateral breast approach; UABA, unilateral axillo-breast approach; CBA, chest-breast approach; ACA, anterior chest approach; OA, transoral approach; COT, conventional open thyroidectomy.