Table 4.

Frequency of references assigned to each theme.

Themes	Number of coded references	pwNC	Professionals	Diff
Profiles of chronically ill people who volunteer	56	32	24	p = .135
Overcoming barriers to volunteering	47	20	27	p = .332
Volunteering as an intervention	40	12	28	p = .008
Individual biographies of access to volunteering	16	12	4	p = .028
(Critical) perspectives on inclusion	14	7	7	p = .920
Impact	13	10	3	p = .035
Requirements of volunteering	11	3	7	p = .213