Table 1.
Study characteristics
| Author and year | Sample size (total) | Age prehab. (years) | Age SOC (years) | Surgery | Surgical indication | Prehab. modality | Prehab. duration | Measured outcome | Adherence (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Au et al.40 | 42 | 61.4(7.8) | 58.4(6.1) | Prostatectomy | Cancer | PT | 5 | LOS | 81.5 |
| Barnejee et al.41 | 60 | 71.6(6.8) | 72.5(8.4) | Cystectomy | Cancer | PT | 3–6 | CD, LOS | NR |
| Barakat et al.51 | 124 | 73.8(6.5) | 72.9(7.9) | AAA repair | AAA | PT | 6 | LOS | NR |
| Berkel et al.43 | 57 | 74(7) | 73(6) | Colorectal | Cancer | PT | 2–4 | CD, LOS | 90 |
| Boden et al.44 | 432 | 65 (52–72) | 67.5 (56–75) | Major abdominal surgery | Multiple | PT, IMT | 6 | LOS | 94 |
| Chakravartty et al.47 | 28 | 44 (26–60) | 39 (24–66) | RYGB | Obesity | Nutrition | 4 | CD, LOS | NR |
| Dunne et al.48 | 37 | 61 (56–66) | 62 (53–72) | Hepatobiliary | Cancer | PT | 4 | CD, LOS | 94 |
| Fulop et al.56 | 184 | 70 (60–75) | 70 (64–75) | Colorectal | Cancer | PT, IMT, Nutrition, Cognition | 3–6 | CD, LOS | NR |
| Gloor et al.66 | 106 | 66 (24–90) | 65 (29–86) | Colorectal | Multiple | PT | 3–6 | CD | NR |
| Grąt et al.49 | 55 | 52 (47–58) | 50 (35–61) | Liver transplant | Cirrhosis | Nutrition | >2 | CD, LOS | 92.3 |
| Hollis et al.50 | 50 | 48.2(13.3) | 51.8(12.2) | General surgery | Multiple | Nutrition | 8 | CD, LOS | 93 |
| Hoogeboom et al.60 | 21 | 77(3) | 75(5) | Hip replacement | Arthrosis | PT | 3–6 | LOS | 91 |
| IJmker-Hemink et al.61 | 126 | 63.3(12) | 62.3(12.7) | Digestive, gynaecologic, orthopaedic, urologic | Multiple | Nutrition | 3 | LOS | 35 |
| Karenovics et al.62 | 164 | 64(13) | 64(10) | Thoracic | Cancer | PT | >4 | LOS | 87 |
| Karlsson et al.63 | 21 | 84 (76–85) | 74 (73–76) | Prostatectomy | Cancer | PT, IMT, Nutrition | 2 | CD, LOS | 97 |
| Liu et al.70 | 73 | 56.2(10.3) | 56.2(8.7) | AAA repair | AAA | PT, Nutrition, Cognition | 2 | CD, LOS | NR |
| Minnella et al.67 | 51 | 67.3(7.4) | 68.0(11.6) | Colorectal | Cancer | PT, Nutrition | 5 | CD, LOS | 63 |
| Minnella et al.68 | 70 | 69.7(10.2) | 66.0(10.2) | Major abdominal surgery, urologic | Multiple | PT, Nutrition, Cognition | 4 | CD, LOS | 83.3 |
| Moug et al.51 | 48 | 65.2(11.4) | 66.5(9.6) | Knee replacement | Arthrosis | PT | 14 | CD, LOS | 75 |
| Oosting et al.52 | 30 | 76.9(6.3) | 75.0(6.3) | RYGB | Obesity | PT | 5 | LOS | NR |
| Rolving et al.64 | 96 | 51.4(9.2) | 47.7(8.9) | Hepatobiliary | Cancer | Cognition | 6 | LOS | 24 |
| Santa Mina et al.54 | 100 | 61.2(8) | 62.2(6.9) | Colorectal | Cancer | PT | 6.5 | CD, LOS | 69.2 |
| Sebio García et al.55 | 40 | 70.9(6.1) | 69.4(9.4) | Liver transplant | Cirrhosis | PT, IMT | 7.5 | LOS | NR |
| Steffens et al.69 | 22 | 66 (46–70) | 62 (48–72) | General surgery | Multiple | PT, IMT | 2–6 | CD, LOS | 93 |
| Tew et al.65 | 53 | 74.6(5.5) | 74.9(6.4) | Hip replacement | Arthrosis | PT | 5 | LOS | 75.8 |
Age is expressed as mean(s.d.) or median (interquartile range (i.q.r.)), prehabilitation duration is expressed in weeks.
Prehab., prehabilitation group; SOC, ‘standard of care’; AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm; CD, Clavien–Dindo classification; IMT, inspiratory muscle training; LOS, length of stay; NR, not reported; PT, physical therapy; RYGB, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.