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. 2023 Dec 18;11:443. doi: 10.1186/s40359-023-01419-5

Table 2.

Means, standard deviations, and bivariate correlations between variables

Variables Mean SD 1 2 3 4
(1) Problematic use of S.M 65 15 1
(2) Foreign language anxiety 75 17.5 0.63** 1
(3) Language achievement 71 -0.24 0.42*** -.45** 1
(4) Perfectionism 79 20 0.44** 0.17 0..42** 1

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, l tests were two-tailed. (n = 590)