Table 2.
Baseline Echocardiographic Findings
| Echocardiographic characteristics | Overall N=280 | None/Mild MAC N=249 | Moderate/Severe MAC N=31 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MR cause | ||||
| Primary | 148 (52.9) | 135 (54.3) | 13 (41.8) | 0.22 |
| Secondary | 105 (37.5) | 93 (37.3) | 12 (38.8) | |
| Mixed | 27 (9.6) | 21 (8.4) | 6 (19.4) | |
| MR severity | ||||
| Moderate–severe | 47 (16.7) | 43 (17.4) | 4 (12.9) | 0.69 |
| Severe | 233 (83.3) | 206 (82.6) | 27 (87.1) | |
| MVA, cm2 | 5.2 [1.7] | 5.4 [1.7] | 4.0 [1.0] | <0.001* |
| TR severity | ||||
| None/trace | 70 (25.0) | 62 (24.9) | 8 (25.8) | 0.40 |
| Mild | 105 (37.5) | 93 (37.3) | 12 (38.7) | |
| Moderate | 76 (27.1) | 66 (26.5) | 10 (32.3) | |
| Severe | 29 (10.4) | 28 (11.2) | 1 (3.2) | |
| PASP, mm Hg | 52.9 [17.74] | 52.4 [17.8] | 56.6 [16.9] | 0.13 |
| RAP, mm Hg | 11.6 [5.9] | 11.5 [5.9] | 12.3 [5.4] | 0.51 |
| LVEF, % | 51.4 [14.7] | 51.2 [14.7] | 52.8 [14.6] | 0.28 |
| LVIDs, cm | 3.7 [1.1] | 3.8 [1.1] | 3.2 [1.0] | 0.013* |
| LVIDd, cm | 5.3 [0.9] | 5.3 [0.9] | 4.9 [0.7] | 0.03* |
| LA volume, mL | 119.0 [54.3] | 121.0 [56.0] | 103.7 [37.1] | 0.02* |
| LAVI, mL/m2 | 63.0 [26.5] | 63.7 [27.2] | 57.9 [20.9] | 0.25 |
Values are expressed as mean [SD] or N (%). LA indicates left atrium; LAVI, left atrium volume index; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction; LVIDs/d, left ventricle internal diameter (systole/diastole); MAC, mitral annular calcification; MR, mitral regurgitation; MVA, mitral valve area; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; RAP, right atrial pressure; and TR, tricuspid regurgitation.
*
P<0.05.