Table 4.
Outcomes
| Outcomes | Overall N=280 | None/Mild MAC N=249 | Moderate/Severe MAC N=31 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| In‐hospital outcomes | ||||
| Length of stay, d | 2 (IQR:1–3) | 2 (IQR:1–3) | 1 (IQR:1–5.5) | 0.28 |
| In‐hospital mortality | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 0.99 |
| Transmitral mean gradient, mm Hg | 4.1 [1.94] | 4.0 [1.8] | 5.5 [2.1] | <0.001* |
| Transmitral mean gradient >5 mm Hg | 66 (23.5) | 51 (20.4) | 15 (48.3) | <0.001* |
| N=248 | N=224 | N=24 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30‐d outcomes | ||||
| Mortality | 10 (3.6) | 8 (3.2) | 2 (6.5) | 0.30 |
| Heart failure hospitalization | 6 (2.1) | 5 (2.0) | 1 (3.2) | 0.50 |
| NYHA class III or IV | 41 (17.5) | 30 (14.3) | 11 (45.8) | 0.001* |
| LA volume, mL | 122.0 [50.1] | 122.7 [51.4] | 116.0 [37.7] | 0.54 |
| LAVI, mL/m2 | 68.4 [26.0] | 68.6 [26.4] | 66.7 [22.6] | 0.74 |
| PASP, mm Hg | 47.8 [14.3] | 47.6 [14.2] | 49.6 [15.2] | 0.70 |
| LVIDs, cm | 3.7 [1.1] | 3.8 [1.1] | 3.4 [1.1] | 0.13 |
| LVIDd, cm | 5.1 [0.8] | 5.2 [0.8] | 4.8 [0.7] | 0.05 |
| MR severity | ||||
| None/trace | 29 (11.7) | 27 (12.1) | 2 (8.3) | 0.95 |
| Mild | 141 (56.9) | 128 (57.2) | 13 (54.1) | |
| Moderate | 60 (24.2) | 53 (23.7) | 7 (29.2) | |
| Moderate–severe | 12 (4.8) | 11 (4.9) | 1 (4.2) | |
| Severe | 6 (2.4) | 5 (2.2) | 1 (4.2) | |
| Transmitral mean gradient, mm Hg | 4.4 [2.3] | 4.3 [2.2] | 5.6 [2.7] | 0.01* |
| TR severity | ||||
| ≥Moderate | 70 (28.9) | 63 (28.8) | 7 (29.1) | 0.84 |
| N=176 | N=161 | N=15 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1‐y Outcomes | ||||
| Mortality | 62 (22.1) | 49 (19.7) | 13 (41.9) | 0.005* |
| Heart failure hospitalization | 32 (11.4) | 29 (11.6) | 3 (9.7) | 1.00 |
| LA volume, mL | 120.9 [46.5] | 121.6 [47.3] | 112.1 [36.1] | 0.49 |
| LAVI | 65.8 [25.8] | 65.8 [25.7] | 65.8 [27.3] | 0.99 |
| LVIDs, cm | 3.6 [1.1] | 3.6 [1.1] | 3.2 [0.6] | 0.03* |
| LVIDd, cm | 5.0 [0.9] | 5.1 [0.9] | 4.6 [0.6] | 0.04* |
| MR severity | ||||
| None/trace | 14 (8.0) | 13 (8.1) | 1 (6.7) | 0.55 |
| Mild | 106 (60.2) | 99 (51.4) | 7 (46.7) | |
| Moderate | 43 (24.4) | 38 (23.6) | 5 (33.3) | |
| Moderate–severe | 9 (5.1) | 7 (4.3) | 2 (13.3) | |
| Severe | 4 (2.3) | 4 (2.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Transmitral mean gradient, mm Hg | 4.28 [2.23] | 4.2 [2.2] | 5.0 [2.2] | 0.17 |
| TR severity | ||||
| ≥Moderate | 42 (26.1) | 39 (26.4) | 3 (23.1) | 0.25 |
| N=280 | N=249 | N=31 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last follow‐up | ||||
| Median follow‐up, mo | 23.1 (IQR:11.1–40.4) | 23.1 (IQR: 11.1–40.4) | 24.0 (IQR: 11.9–42) | 0.28 |
| Mortality | 140 (50.0) | 116 (46.6) | 24 (77.4) | 0.001* |
| Heart failure hospitalization | 58 (20.7) | 54 (21.7) | 4 (12.9) | 0.25 |
| MV reintervention | 9 (3.2) | 7 (2.8) | 2 (6.5) | 0.26 |
Values are expressed as mean [SD], N (%), or median (IQR). IQR indicates interquartile range; LAVI, left atrium volume index; LVIDd, left ventricle internal diameter end diastole; LVIDs, left ventricle internal diameter end systole; MAC, mitral annular calcification; MR, mitral regurgitation; MV, mitral valve; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; and TR, tricuspid regurgitation.
*
P<0.05.