Table 1.
General Characteristics of the Study Participants
| Characteristic | Premature menopause | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | P value | ASMD | |
| No. | 1 139 406 | 19 999 | ||
| Age, y | 61.15±8.25 | 63.08±10.48 | <0.01 | 0.20 |
| 30–39 | 0 (0) | 114 (0.57) | <0.01 | 0.11 |
| 40–49 | 40 933 (3.59) | 2379 (11.9) | 0.31 | |
| 50–59 | 485 430 (42.6) | 4006 (20.03) | 0.50 | |
| 60–69 | 405 102 (35.55) | 7099 (35.5) | 0.00 | |
| 70–79 | 182 814 (16.04) | 5704 (28.52) | 0.30 | |
| ≥80 | 25 127 (2.21) | 697 (3.49) | 0.08 | |
| Height, cm | 153.62±5.69 | 152.39±6 | <0.01 | 0.21 |
| Weight, kg | 57±8.24 | 56.27±8.96 | <0.01 | 0.08 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.13±3.13 | 24.19±3.39 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Obesity, yes | 416 280 (36.53) | 7681 (38.41) | <0.01 | 0.04 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 79.83±8.24 | 80.65±8.77 | <0.01 | 0.10 |
| Abdominal obesity, yes | 308 102 (27.04) | 6346 (31.73) | <0.01 | 0.10 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 99.28±23.69 | 100.25±25.86 | <0.01 | 0.04 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 125.34±16.11 | 126.35±16.81 | <0.01 | 0.06 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 76.82±10.15 | 77.34±10.34 | <0.01 | 0.05 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 208.49±38.54 | 206.74±39.18 | <0.01 | 0.05 |
| HDL‐C, mg/dL | 57.73±33.2 | 56.55±32.01 | <0.01 | 0.04 |
| LDL‐C, mg/dL | 126.05±38.16 | 123.75±37.55 | <0.01 | 0.06 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 132.3±78.37 | 139.6±82.44 | <0.01 | 0.09 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.87±0.85 | 0.88±0.81 | 0.62 | 0.00 |
| eGFR | 82.4±28.12 | 81.82±27.53 | <0.01 | 0.02 |
| CKD, yes | 125 499 (11.01) | 2815 (14.08) | <0.01 | 0.09 |
| Smoking, yes | <0.01 | |||
| None | 1 097 620 (96.33) | 18 846 (94.23) | 0.10 | |
| Ex‐smoker | 11 708 (1.03) | 296 (1.48) | 0.04 | |
| Current smoker | 30 078 (2.64) | 857 (4.29) | 0.09 | |
| Ever smoking, yes | 41 786 (3.67) | 1153 (5.77) | <0.01 | 0.10 |
| Alcohol drinking | <0.01 | |||
| None | 995 245 (87.35) | 17 546 (87.73) | 0.01 | |
| Mild | 138 314 (12.14) | 2318 (11.59) | 0.02 | |
| Heavy | 5847 (0.51) | 135 (0.68) | 0.02 | |
| Alcohol drinking, yes | 144 161 (12.65) | 2453 (12.27) | 0.10 | 0.01 |
| Regular exercise, yes | 212 351 (18.64) | 3137 (15.69) | <0.01 | 0.08 |
| Income (quartile 1; lowest quartile) | 248 527 (21.81) | 4193 (20.97) | <0.01 | 0.02 |
| Diabetes, yes | 135 544 (11.9) | 2916 (14.58) | <0.01 | 0.08 |
| Hypertension, yes | 490 538 (43.05) | 9390 (46.95) | <0.01 | 0.08 |
| Dyslipidemia, yes | 356 143 (31.26) | 6112 (30.56) | 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Outcome event, yes | ||||
| Myocardial infarction | 30 721 (2.7) | 885 (4.43) | <0.01 | |
| Ischemic stroke | 43 866 (3.85) | 1186 (5.93) | <0.01 | |
| All‐cause mortality | 75 479 (6.62) | 2201 (11.01) | <0.01 | |
| Follow‐up duration, y | ||||
| Myocardial infarction | 10.08±1.48 | 9.9±1.86 | <0.01 | |
| Ischemic stroke | 10.02±1.61 | 9.82±2 | <0.01 | |
| All‐cause mortality | 10.18±1.28 | 10.06±1.61 | <0.01 | |
Data are given as mean±SD or number (percentage). P value was obtained by t test for continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables. ASMD indicates absolute standardized mean difference; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; and SBP, systolic blood pressure.