Table 3.
Incidence Rates and HRs of MI, Ischemic Stroke, and All‐Cause Mortality in the Women With PM or EM
| Age at menopause, y | No. of women | Events, n | Duration (person‐years) | Incidence rate | Model 1, HR (95% CI) | Model 2, HR (95% CI) | Model 3, HR (95% CI) | Model 4, HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MI | ||||||||
| 30–39 (PM) | 19 999 | 885 | 198 064.75 | 4.47 | 1.75 (1.63–1.87) | 1.42 (1.33–1.53) | 1.40 (1.31–1.50) | 1.40 (1.31–1.50) |
| 40–44 (EM) | 66 279 | 2370 | 658 875.37 | 3.60 | 1.41 (1.35–1.47) | 1.19 (1.14–1.25) | 1.18 (1.13–1.23) | 1.18 (1.13–1.24) |
| 45–49 | 317 609 | 8825 | 3 200 098 | 2.76 | 1.08 (1.05–1.10) | 1.1 (1.07–1.13) | 1.10 (1.07–1.13) | 1.10 (1.08–1.13) |
| ≥50 | 755 518 | 19 526 | 7 627 023.7 | 2.56 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| Ischemic stroke | ||||||||
| 30–39 (PM) | 19 999 | 1186 | 196 296.47 | 6.04 | 1.64 (1.54–1.73) | 1.26 (1.19–1.33) | 1.24 (1.17–1.32) | 1.24 (1.17–1.31) |
| 40–44 (EM) | 66 279 | 3580 | 653 283.96 | 5.48 | 1.48 (1.43–1.54) | 1.18 (1.14–1.23) | 1.18 (1.14–1.22) | 1.18 (1.14–1.22) |
| 45–49 | 317 609 | 12 226 | 3 181 666.08 | 3.84 | 1.04 (1.02–1.06) | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) | 1.06 (1.03–1.08) |
| ≥50 | 755 518 | 28 060 | 7 582 102.8 | 3.70 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| All‐cause mortality | ||||||||
| 30–39 (PM) | 19 999 | 2201 | 201 131.2 | 10.94 | 1.79 (1.71–1.86) | 1.22 (1.17–1.27) | 1.20 (1.15–1.25) | 1.19 (1.14–1.24) |
| 40–44 (EM) | 66 279 | 6715 | 667 247.51 | 10.06 | 1.64 (1.60–1.69) | 1.16 (1.13–1.19) | 1.14 (1.11–1.17) | 1.13 (1.11–1.16) |
| 45–49 | 317 609 | 21 660 | 3 231 556.47 | 6.70 | 1.09 (1.08–1.11) | 1.06 (1.05–1.08) | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) |
| ≥50 | 755 518 | 47 104 | 7 695 544.15 | 6.12 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
Incidence rate in 1000 person‐years. The HRs for MI, ischemic stroke, and all‐cause mortality were calculated using the women with menopause at ≥50 years as a reference. The HRs and 95% CIs were obtained by using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Each model was adjusted for the following Model 1: none. Model 2: age. Model 3: age, ever smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, and income (quartile 1; lowest quartile). Model 4: age, ever smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, income (quartile 1), body mass index, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2, and hormone replacement therapy. PM: age at menopause is between 30 and 39 years. EM: age at menopause is between 40 and 44 years. EM indicates early menopause; HR, hazard ratio; MI, myocardial infarction; and PM, premature menopause.