Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Characteristic | Overall | Statin nonusers | Statin users | Standardized mean difference before IPTW | Standardized mean difference after IPTW |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N=52 490) | (n=29 251) | (n=23 239) | |||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 74.74 (12.21) | 74.77 (13.25) | 74.71 (10.75) | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Female sex, N (%) | 24 833 (47.3) | 13 956 (47.7) | 10 877 (46.8) | 0.018 | 0.002 |
| Smoking, N (%) | 3650 (7.0) | 2304 (7.9) | 1346 (5.8) | 0.083 | 0.004 |
| CHA2DS2‐VASc score, mean (SD) | 2.82 (1.62) | 2.58 (1.53) | 3.12 (1.67) | 0.333 | 0.006 |
| AF duration, mean (SD), y | 4.70 (3.12) | 4.75 (3.27) | 4.65 (2.92) | 0.033 | <0.001 |
| Medical conditions, N (%) | |||||
| Diabetes | 21 551 (41.1) | 9861 (33.7) | 11 690 (50.3) | 0.341 | 0.007 |
| Hypertension | 13 529 (25.8) | 6298 (21.5) | 7231 (31.1) | 0.219 | 0.004 |
| Ischemic stroke | 6052 (11.5) | 1957 (6.7) | 4095 (17.6) | 0.339 | 0.004 |
| TIA | 1215 (2.3) | 395 (1.4) | 820 (3.5) | 0.142 | 0.005 |
| CAD | 6858 (13.1) | 2393 (8.2) | 4465 (19.2) | 0.325 | 0.022 |
| CKD | 1908 (3.6) | 873 (3.0) | 1035 (4.5) | 0.078 | 0.004 |
| PVD | 1944 (3.7) | 722 (2.5) | 1222 (5.3) | 0.145 | 0.003 |
| VTE | 470 (0.9) | 255 (0.9) | 215 (0.9) | 0.006 | <0.001 |
| Autoimmune diseases* | 7188 (13.7) | 4092 (14.0) | 3096 (13.3) | 0.015 | 0.003 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 318 (0.6) | 246 (0.8) | 72 (0.3) | 0.070 | <0.001 |
| Anemia | 4718 (9.0) | 2801 (9.6) | 1917 (8.3) | 0.047 | 0.004 |
| Cancer | 8054 (15.4) | 4589 (15.7) | 3465 (14.9) | 0.022 | 0.001 |
| GIB | 5763 (11.0) | 3360 (11.5) | 2403 (10.3) | 0.037 | 0.003 |
| Dyslipidemia | 4656 (8.9) | 1263 (4.3) | 3393 (14.6) | 0.357 | 0.018 |
| Obesity | 407 (0.8) | 150 (0.5) | 257 (1.1) | 0.066 | 0.002 |
| Medication use, N (%) | |||||
| NOAC | 22 198 (42.3) | 10 276 (35.1) | 11 922 (51.3) | 0.331 | 0.006 |
| Warfarin | 11 047 (21.0) | 5451 (18.6) | 5596 (24.1) | 0.133 | 0.006 |
| Aspirin | 23 039 (43.9) | 9933 (34.0) | 13 106 (56.4) | 0.463 | 0.003 |
| β‐Blockers | 15 807 (30.1) | 7879 (26.9) | 7928 (34.1) | 0.156 | 0.002 |
| ACEI/ARB | 24 137 (46.0) | 10 656 (36.4) | 13 481 (58.0) | 0.443 | 0.004 |
| Procedure, N (%) | |||||
| Ablation | 307 (0.6) | 185 (0.6) | 122 (0.5) | 0.014 | <0.001 |
| Cardioversion | 204 (0.4) | 129 (0.4) | 75 (0.3) | 0.019 | 0.001 |
A variable is considered balanced between users and nonusers where the standardized mean difference is ≤0.1. ACEI/ARB indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker; AF, atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHA2DS2‐VASc, (congestive HF, hypertension, age ≥75 years [doubled], diabetes, stroke [doubled], vascular disease, age 65–74 years, and sex category [female]) score; CKD, chronic kidney disease; GIB, gastrointestinal bleeding; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; NOAC, non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; TIA, transient ischemic attack; and VTE, venous thromboembolism.
Autoimmune diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ankylosing spondylitis.